Results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by ambulance attendants : K. Furubayashi, H. Terada, K. Katsurada, Jpn J Acute Med 1984; 8: 1849–1854
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90101-9
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1985
The Brighton experience with resuscitation ambulances Clive Studd
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90020-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1984
Editorial: Ambulance Diversion: the Con Perspective Yuko Nakajima, Gary M. Vilke
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.03.005
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: March 10 2015
x As the ultimate safety net, emergency departments (EDs) are expected to care for any patient, at any time, under any circumstances. When EDs are overwhelmed in periods of surge, one solution is to redistribute patients. A commonly used method for redistributing patients is ambulance diversion. Ambulance diversion is not a new phenomenon and, over time, has become commonly used by EDs to address the growing problem of ED overcrowding and saturation [1]. As ED visits have increased through the years, ambulance diversion has evolved into standard practice in many health systems.
Reliability of continuous systemic blood pressure monitoring by oscillometric method in ambulance transport : H. Suzuki, S. Shimazaki, T. Kikuchi, T. Kondou, Y. Kondou, K. Sugimoto. Jpn J Acute Med 1985;9:599–605
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90209-8
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1985
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Effect of special ambulances in Göteborg on mortality Stig Holmberg, Bertil Wennerblom
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90009-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1984
Ambient levels of nitrous oxide in a modular ambulance F. Ben Housel, Terry G. Murphy
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.04.025
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: February 2008
x Nitrous oxide has been occasionally used as a prehospital analgesic over the last 3 decades. It has been shown to be an effective analgesic agent [1], but concerns have been raised about exposing prehospital personnel to high ambient levels of nitrous oxide within the confines of the ambulance. Historical concerns about possible detrimental effects of long-term exposure to health care workers prompted the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to issue recommendations regarding acceptable levels of nitrous oxide exposure.
Emergency medicine in Belgium: Past, present, and future Robert Askenasi, Jean-Louis Vincent
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90093-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 1 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: September 1983
Ambulance Diversion: Ethical Dilema and Necessary Evil Eric J. Adkins, Howard A. Werman
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.03.007
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: March 14 2015
x Ambulance diversion presents a dilemma pitting the ethical principles of patient autonomy and beneficence against the principles of justice and nonmaleficence. The guiding priority in requesting ambulance diversion is to maintain the safety of all patients in the emergency department as well as those waiting to be seen. Policies and procedures can be developed that maintain the best possible outcome for patients transported by ambulance during periods of diversion. More importantly, the discussion must focus on addressing the operational inefficiencies within our health systems that lead to conditions such as patient boarding, high waiting room congestion, and ambulance diversion.
Farmcarts to fords: A history of the military ambulance, 1790–1925: Haller JS Jr. Carbondale, IL, Southern Illinois University Press, 1992 Douglas Lindsey
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(93)90028-A
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 11 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: November 1993
Does ambulance use differ between geographic areas? A survey of ambulance use in sparsely and densely populated areas Lena Marie Beillon, Björn-Ove Suserud, Ingvar Karlberg, Johan Herlitz
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.01.012
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: February 2009
x The aim of this study was to analyze possible differences in the use of ambulance service between densely and sparsely populated areas.
A geographic information system simulation model of EMS: reducing ambulance response time Kobi Peleg, Joseph S. Pliskin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2004.02.003
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 22 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 2004
x Response time is a very important factor in determining the quality of prehospital EMS. Our objective was to model the response by Israeli ambulances and to offer model-derived strategies for improved deployment of ambulances to reduce response time. Using a geographic information system (GIS), a retrospective review of computerized ambulance call and dispatch logs was performed in two different regional districts, one large and urban and the other rural. All calls that were pinpointed geographically by the GIS were included, and their data were stratified by weekday and by daily shifts.
Ambulance diversion reduction: the Sacramento solution Pankaj B. Patel, Robert W. Derlet, David R. Vinson, Michael Williams, Jonathan Wills
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2005.09.005
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 24 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 2006
x The diversion of ambulances away from their intended emergency departments (EDs) in the United States has become commonplace and may compromise patient care. Although ambulance diversion resulting from ED overcrowding has been well described in the literature, little is known about how to reduce the incidence of ambulance diversion on a regional level. We describe the development, implementation, and impact of a region-wide program to reduce ambulance diversion.
Impact of an information campaign on delays and ambulance use in acute coronary syndrome Marie Thuresson, Pernilla Haglund, Britta Ryttberg, Johan Herlitz, Ulrica Nilsson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.11.001
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: November 8 2014
x The initiation of early reperfusion treatment is crucial for the outcome in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [1,2]. One major obstacle to early treatment is related to the patient's decision-making process [3,4]. An information campaign designed to inform the public about how to act when faced by an ACS was conducted in a county in Sweden in 2005. We evaluated the long-term effects of the intervention in terms of patient decision time, prehospital delay, and ambulance use in ACS. We did also describe the number of patients seeking the emergency department (ED) for acute chest pain.
Integrated approach to prehospital coronary care in Rotterdam H.N. Hart
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90010-X
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1984
x All ambulances in Rotterdam are equipped with monitoring and resuscitation equipment and staffed with nurses who have the primary role in cardiac emergency care before and during transport to the hospital. Patients are reached in a mean time of 7 minutes. All patients are monitored. Rhythm abnormalities are diagnosed and treated according to standing written orders. Emergency treatment including infusions and intubation can be given. A radio communications center coordinates admission to the nearest available CCU bed.
Dynamic ambulance reallocation for the reduction of ambulance response times using system status management Sean Shao Wei Lam, Ji Zhang, Zhong Cheng Zhang, Hong Choon Oh, Jerry Overton, Yih Yng Ng, Marcus Eng Hock Ong
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.10.044
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: November 8 2014
x Dynamically reassigning ambulance deployment locations throughout a day to balance ambulance availability and demands can be effective in reducing response times. The objectives of this study were to model dynamic ambulance allocation plans in Singapore based on the system status management (SSM) strategy and to evaluate the dynamic deployment plans using a discrete event simulation (DES) model.
Characteristics and outcome of patients with acute chest pain in relation to the use of ambulances in an urban and a rural area Johan Herlitz, Lena Hjälte, Björn W. Karlson, Björn Ove Suserud, Thomas Karlsson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2006.03.016
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 24 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: November 2006
x The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of ambulance use and the long-term prognosis in acute chest pain in an urban and a rural area and whether there is a difference between an urban and a rural area.
Early identification of patients with an acute coronary syndrome as assessed by dispatchers and the ambulance crew Johan Herlitz, Mia Starke, Elisabeth Hansson, Eva Ringvall, Björn W. Karlson, Lisbeth Waagstein
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2002.33003
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 20 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 2002
x This study was performed to evaluate the possibility of early identification of patients with an acute coronary syndrome who are transported by ambulance. All patients in the community of Göteborg who were transported by ambulance over a period of 3 months owing to symptoms raising any suspicion of an acute coronary syndrome were studied. In all 930 cases that were included in the survey, 130 (14%) had a final diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 276 (30%) had a final diagnosis of an acute coronary syndrome.
A comparison of rural and urban ambulance crashes Steven J. Weiss, Randall Ellis, Amy A. Ernst, Richard F. Land, Austin Garza
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2001.20001
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 19 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 2001
x Ambulance crashes are a significant safety issue both to the EMTs and to patients transported in the vehicle. Safety issues are dependent on the environment and may be different in rural and urban settings. Ambulance crashes reported to the State EMS bureau during the years of 1993 to 1997 were evaluated. Counties with >250,000 population were considered urban. State population was 2 million urban and 2.8 million rural. Two investigators determined first if the crash was urban or rural. Outcome information was extracted on the degree of injury, citations given, and information on the ambulance and other vehicle condition.
A method to reduce response times in prehospital care: The motorcycle experience Chaou-Shune Lin, Hang Chang, Kou-Gi Shyu, Cheng-Yan Liu, Chang-Chung Lin, Chi-Ren Hung, Pao-Huei Chen
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90185-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 16 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: November 1998
x This study compared the response times of a motorcycle and a standard ambulance in a congested urban emergency medical services (EMS) setting. The study was performed in Taipei, Taiwan, a densely populated urban area. A basic life support (BLS) motorcycle (without defibrillation capability) and an advanced life support (ALS) ambulance were based at three study hospitals and simultaneously dispatched when there was a perceived need for ALS ambulance transport. Over a 3-month period, prehospital personnel evaluated 307 medical and trauma emergencies.
The fast emergency vehicle pre-emption system improved the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Yoshio Tanaka, Hiroshi Yamada, Shuji Tamasaku, Hideo Inaba
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.07.031
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 10 ,
Published online: September 12 2013
x Ambulance response time is a major factor associated with survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs); the fast emergency vehicle pre-emption system (FAST™) aids response time by controlling traffic signals. This eight-year observational study investigated whether FAST™ implementation reduced response times and improved OHCA outcomes.
