Hemorrhagic shock caused by intramuscular hematoma of the pectoralis major after CPR Chia-Ching Hsu, Chih-Yuan Lin, Yi-Da Tsai, Shih-Hung Tsai
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.07.004
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: July 6 2015
x Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) associated with thoracic and cardiovascular injuries has been previously reviewed in the literature. Although the incidence of reported CPR-associated complications can be up to 65%, the most commonly reported complications are rib and sternum fractures. Intramuscular hematoma complicated with hemorrhagic shock has rarely been described in previous medical literature. Here, we present a patient who developed intramuscular hematoma of the pectoralis major complicated with hemorrhagic shock after CPR.
Fibromuscular dysplasia presenting as hemorrhagic shock due to spontaneous rupture of a right gastroepiploic artery aneurysm Mami Yamada, Taka-aki Nakada, Koji Idoguchi, Tetsuya Matsuoka
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.06.054
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: June 22 2015
x Intraabdominal bleeding from a ruptured artery aneurysm in a young adult is rare. This report describes a patient who presented to the emergency department with hemorrhagic shock caused by a ruptured aneurysm in an omental branch of the right gastroepiploic artery. The gastroepiploic artery aneurysm was successfully treated with a superselective transcatheter arterial embolization. In addition, the angiography of the superior mesenteric artery revealed multifocal stenosis, which has a typical “string-of-beads“ appearance, characteristic of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) in the jejunal artery.
Pyruvate alleviates lipid peroxidation and multiple-organ dysfunction in rats with hemorrhagic shock Rui Liu, Shu-Ming Wang, Xian-Qi Liu, Si-Jia Guo, Hai-Bin Wang, Sen Hu, Fang-Qiang Zhou, Zhi-Yong Sheng
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.040
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: December 21 2015
x Pyruvate can reduce lipid peroxidation, which plays a critical role in organ injury, in various models. However, it is not fully understood if this inhibition occurs in resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock (HS). This study examines effects of pyruvate Ringer solution (PR) in this respect in rats.
Intra-aortic balloon occlusion catheter for treating hemorrhagic shock after massive duodenal ulcer bleeding Shintaro Shigesato, Tetsunosuke Shimizu, Tadahiro Kittaka, Hiroshi Akimoto
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.01.024
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: January 27 2014
x Clamping the descending aorta by emergency thoracotomy is a well-known effective procedure to stop bleeding from lesions under the diaphragm. We successfully treated a case of cardiopulmonary arrest resulting from a massive duodenal ulcer hemorrhage using an intra aortic balloon occlusion (IABO) catheter instead of the conventional technique. Our experience suggests that IABO catheters can be used to treat patients with hemorrhagic shock regardless of the presence of cardiopulmonary arrest. This can be a life-saving procedure, which prevents ischemic brain injury.
Resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock using polymerized hemoglobin compared to blood Daniel Ortiz, Marcelo Barros, Su Yan, Pedro Cabrales
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.11.045
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: December 9 2013
x The development of an alternative to blood transfusion to treat severe hemorrhage remains a challenge, especially in far forward scenarios when blood is not available. Hemoglobin level (Hb)–based oxygen (O2 ) carriers (HBOCs) were developed to address this need. Hemopure (HBOC-201, bovine Hb glutamer-250; OPK Biotech, Cambridge, MA), one such HBOC, has been approved for clinical use in South Africa and Russia. At the time of its approval, however, few studies aimed to understand Hemopure's function, administration, and adverse effects compared to blood.
A fresh frozen plasma to red blood cell transfusion ratio of 1:1 mitigates lung injury in a rat model of damage control resuscitation for hemorrhagic shock Jingxiang Zhao, Guocheng Pan, Bo Wang, Yuhua Zhang, Guoxing You, Ying Wang, Dawei Gao, Hong Zhou, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.02.041
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: February 26 2015
x We aimed to evaluate the effects of resuscitation with different ratios of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to red blood cells (RBCs) on pulmonary inflammatory injury and to illuminate the beneficial effects of FFP on lung protection compared with lactated ringers (LR) using a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.
Management of postpartum hemorrhagic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation with damage control resuscitation Xiaoyan Xue, Lina Liu, Zhiguo Rao
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.03.051
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: May 22 2013
x Damage control resuscitation (DCR) that addresses all aspects of the lethal triad (ie, acidosis, hypothermia, and coagulopathy) is a resuscitation strategy originally developed for combat casualties and subsequently used for civilian trauma patients. However, its survival benefits in obstetric emergencies have yet to be evaluated. Here, we report successful management of a life-threatening case of postpartum hemorrhagic shock associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with DCR.
The influence of hemorrhagic shock on ventilation through needle cricothyroidotomy in pigs Ivan Murad, Simone C.V. Abib, Daniela P.A. Lima, Paulo S.V.S. Ferreira, Eduardo Q. dos Santos, Thomas V. Bataglia
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.01.017
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: March 30 2012
x The aim of this study was to examine the effects of controlled hemorrhage and shock on oxygenation and ventilation using needle cricothyroidotomy and jet ventilation in an animal model.
Median arcuate ligament syndrome presenting as hemorrhagic shock Yosuke Matsumura, Taka-aki Nakada, Yoshiro Kobe, Noriyuki Hattori, Shigeto Oda
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.02.030
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 7 ,
Published online: May 20 2013
x The major symptoms of median arcuate ligament syndrome, celiac axis stenosis, or occlusion compressed by the median arcuate ligament include eating-associated abdominal pain and weight loss. Because celiac stenosis increases retrograde collateral blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery to the celiac artery via the pancreaticoduodenal arcade, a pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm could occur at a low incidence rate. Rupture of the pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm and hemorrhagic shock are rare.
Intraosseous blood transfusion in infants with traumatic hemorrhagic shock Giora Weiser, Eleonard Poppa, Yeshayahu Katz, Hany Bahouth, Itai Shavit
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.10.036
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: February 4 2013
x The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma in its Advanced Trauma Life Support course recommends using intraosseous (IO) infusion in children in whom intravenous access is difficult. We present a case of IO blood transfusion in a 5-month-old infant who had severe hemorrhagic shock due to a large hyperacute epidural hemorrhage. The patient was treated with rapid infusion of IO packed red blood cells because of hemodynamic deterioration and survived. An online literature search revealed that this case is the first to report the transfusion of red blood cells via the IO route in an injured infant younger than 12 months.
Small-volume resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock with polymerized human serum albumin Catalina Messmer, Ozlem Yalcin, Andre F. Palmer, Pedro Cabrales
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.09.018
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: November 21 2011
x Human serum albumin (HSA) is used as a plasma expander; however, albumin is readily eliminated from the intravascular space. The objective of this study was to establish the effects of various-sized polymerized HSAs (PolyHSAs) during small-volume resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock on systemic parameters, microvascular hemodynamics, and functional capillary density in the hamster window chamber model. Polymerized HSA size was controlled by varying the cross-link density (ie, molar ratio of glutaraldehyde to HSA).
The effects of stimulation at acupoint ST36 points against hemorrhagic shock in dogs Xiao-Yan Suo, Zhao-Hui Du, Hai-Song Wang, Jian-Guo Li, Yan-Lin Wang, Shu-Dong Yao, Wei-Min Chen
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.07.009
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 29 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: October 11 2010
x The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of electroacupuncturing (EA) zusanli points on levels of basic hemodynamics, lactate, and cytokines in dogs with hemorrhagic shock. Thirty healthy dogs were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham hemorrhagic shocked group, hemorrhagic shocked group, EA group, nonacupuncturing group, and EA after vagotomy group. Zusanli points were electroacupunctured with constant voltage (10-15 V, 30 Hz) for 30 minutes immediately after the shock models were established.
Quantification of superoxide radical production in 4 vital organs of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock Eleftheria S. Panteli, Fotini Fligou, Chrisaugi Papamichail, Ioannis Papapostolou, Georgios Zervoudakis, Christos D. Georgiou, Kriton S. Filos
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.12.031
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: February 28 2011
x The aim of this study was to measure the production of superoxide radical (O2 − ), a direct indicator of oxidative stress, in 4 vital organs of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock. For this purpose, and for the first time, a new quantitative assay for the ex vivo measurement of O2 − via an established 1:1 molar relationship between O2 − and 2-OH-ethidium was used. The production of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs), a standard method of evaluation of oxidative stress, was also used for reasons of comparison.
Effects of terlipressin in a rat model of severe uncontrolled hemorrhage via liver injury Basak Bayram, Nil Hocaoglu, Rıdvan Atilla, Sule Kalkan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.09.007
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 7 ,
Published online: November 21 2011
x Animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that vasopressin infusion in cases of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock is a promising treatment. However, there are only a few studies regarding the application of terlipressin in hemorrhagic cases. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of terlipressin vs controlled fluid resuscitation on hemodynamic variables and abdominal bleeding in a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhage via liver injury.
Subject Index
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(15)00997-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 12 ,
Published in issue: December 2015
Analysis of risk classification for massive transfusion in severe trauma using the gray zone approach Takayuki Ogura, Minoru Nakano, Yoshimitsu Izawa, Mitsunobu Nakamura, Kenji Fujizuka, Alan T. Lefor
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.05.007
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: May 15 2015
x The Traumatic Bleeding Severity Score (TBSS) was developed to predict the need for massive transfusion (MT). The aim of this study is evaluation of clinical thresholds for activation of a MT protocol using the gray zone approach based on TBSS.
Efficacy of centhaquin as a small volume resuscitative agent in severely hemorrhaged rats Anil Gulati, Zhong Zhang, Amy Murphy, Manish S. Lavhale
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.05.032
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: July 22 2013
x Centhaquin has been reported to be an effective resuscitative agent. The present study was carried out to determine resuscitative effect of centhaquin when administered using a small volume of 3% hypertonic saline (HS) to hemorrhaged rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with urethane, and a pressure catheter SPR-320 was placed in the left femoral artery; another pressure-volume catheter SPR-869 was placed into the left ventricle. Hemorrhage was induced by withdrawing blood and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was maintained at 35 mm Hg for 30 minutes after which resuscitation was performed.
Subject Index
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(12)00518-9
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 9 ,
Published in issue: November 2012
Addition of glucagon to adrenaline improves hemodynamics in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation Violetta Raffay, Athanasios Chalkias, Pavlos Lelovas, Georgios Karlis, Anastasios Koutsovasilis, Apostolos Papalois, Jasna Jevdjic, Zlatko Fiser, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.10.030
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: November 14 2013
x Cardiac arrest is a daunting medical emergency. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the combination of adrenaline and glucagon would improve initial resuscitation success, 48-hour survival, and neurologic outcome compared with adrenaline alone in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation.
Delayed presentation of hypovolemic shock after a simple pubic ramus fracture Wai-Ming Kong, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, I-Ting Tsai
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.12.030
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: March 19 2012
x Although trauma-induced simple pubic ramus fracture is common in the emergency department (ED), it can result in life-threatening hemorrhagic shock. We describe a 58-year-old woman with closed minimally displaced simple pubic ramus fracture. Hemodynamic instability became apparent 2 hours later. She was successfully treated with transarterial embolization and discharged uneventfully 10 days later. Literature review showed involvement of the superior pubic ramus in all reported cases probably because of hemorrhage from “corona mortis” with delay in shock presentation mostly within 6 hours, suggesting at least an equivalent observation period for these patients, particularly those at high risk for hemorrhage.
