Characteristics and outcomes of injured patients presenting by private vehicle in a state trauma system Nicholas J. Johnson, Brendan G. Carr, Rama Salhi, Daniel N. Holena, Catherine Wolff, Roger A. Band
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.07.023
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: September 24 2012
x Previous studies have demonstrated lower mortality among patients transported to single urban trauma centers by private vehicle (PV) compared with Emergency Medical Services (EMS). We sought to describe the characteristics and outcomes of injured patients transported by PV in a state trauma system compared to patients transported by EMS.
The fast emergency vehicle pre-emption system improved the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Yoshio Tanaka, Hiroshi Yamada, Shuji Tamasaku, Hideo Inaba
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.07.031
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 10 ,
Published online: September 12 2013
x Ambulance response time is a major factor associated with survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs); the fast emergency vehicle pre-emption system (FAST™) aids response time by controlling traffic signals. This eight-year observational study investigated whether FAST™ implementation reduced response times and improved OHCA outcomes.
Outcomes of non–STEMI patients transported by emergency medical services vs private vehicle Mary Colleen Bhalla, Jennifer Frey, Sarah Dials, Kristin Baughman
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.070
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: December 24 2015
x Non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (NSTEMIs) are more common but less studied than ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMIs) treated by emergency medical services (EMS).
Efficacy of centhaquin as a small volume resuscitative agent in severely hemorrhaged rats Anil Gulati, Zhong Zhang, Amy Murphy, Manish S. Lavhale
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.05.032
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: July 22 2013
x Centhaquin has been reported to be an effective resuscitative agent. The present study was carried out to determine resuscitative effect of centhaquin when administered using a small volume of 3% hypertonic saline (HS) to hemorrhaged rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with urethane, and a pressure catheter SPR-320 was placed in the left femoral artery; another pressure-volume catheter SPR-869 was placed into the left ventricle. Hemorrhage was induced by withdrawing blood and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was maintained at 35 mm Hg for 30 minutes after which resuscitation was performed.
Obesity and seatbelt use: a fatal relationship Dietrich Jehle, Chirag Doshi, Jenna Karagianis, Joseph Consiglio, Gabrielle Jehle
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.01.010
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 7 ,
Published online: January 22 2014
x Seatbelts significantly reduce the risk of death in motor vehicle accidents, but a certain number of individuals from some subgroups tend not to wear their seatbelts.
Simple Triage Algorithm and Rapid Treatment and Sort, Assess, Lifesaving, Interventions, Treatment, and Transportation mass casualty triage methods for sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values Mary Colleen Bhalla, Jennifer Frey, Cody Rider, Michael Nord, Mitch Hegerhorst
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.08.021
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 11 ,
Published online: August 13 2015
x Two common mass casualty triage algorithms are Simple Triage Algorithm and Rapid Treatment (START) and Sort, Assess, Lifesaving, Interventions, Treatment, and Transportation (SALT). We sought to determine the START and SALT efficacy in predicting clinical outcome by appropriate triage.
Medication prescribing errors in the prehospital setting and in the ED Adi Einan Lifshitz, Lee Hilary Goldstein, Moshe Sharist, Refael Strugo, Einav Asulin, Shmuael Bar Haim, Zvi Feigenberg, Matitiahu Berkovitch, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.04.023
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 5 ,
Published online: July 11 2011
x Medication errors are a common cause of iatrogenic adverse drug events. The incidence and nature of medication errors during prehospital treatment have not been fully described.
Age effects on case fatality rates of injury patients by mechanism Yong Joo Park, Young Sun Ro, Sang Do Shin, Kyoung Jun Song, Seung Chul Lee, Yu Jin Kim, Joo Yeong Kim, Ki Jeong Hong, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.024
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: December 16 2015
x Case fatality from injury increases exponentially with age. The objective of this study is to identify age effects on case fatality of injury patients by injury mechanism.
Sustainable emergency medical service systems: how much energy do we need? Lawrence H. Brown, Ian E. Blanchard
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.11.011
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: November 14 2014
x Modern emergency medical service (EMS) systems are vulnerable to both rising energy prices and potential energy shortages. Ensuring the sustainability of EMS systems requires an empirical understanding of the total energy requirements of EMS operations. This study was undertaken to determine the life cycle energy requirements of US EMS systems.
Pediatric craniomaxillofacial injuries after road traffic crashes: characteristics of injuries and protective equipment use Siti Salmiah Mohd Yunus, Wei Cheong Ngeow, Roszalina Ramli
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.05.009
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: May 15 2015
x A cross-sectional study to determine the pattern of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) injuries among children involved in road traffic crashes was performed. The association of protective equipment use with the CMF injuries was evaluated.
Influence of obesity on mortality of drivers in severe motor vehicle crashes Dietrich Jehle, Seth Gemme, Christopher Jehle
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.10.017
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: December 3 2010
x The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and mortality of drivers in severe motor vehicle crashes involving at least one fatality.
Naltrexone prevents delayed encephalopathy in rats poisoned with the sarin analogue diisopropylflurophosphate Kori L. Brewer, Michelle M. Troendle, Laura Pekman, William J. Meggs
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.12.003
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 4 ,
Published online: February 4 2013
x Acute poisoning with organophosphate compounds can cause chronic neuropsychological disabilities not prevented by standard antidotes of atropine and pralidoxime. We determine the efficacy of naltrexone in preventing delayed encephalopathy after poisoning with the sarin analogue diisofluorophosphate (DFP) in rats.
Factors associated with prehospital delay in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in China Ya Guang Peng, Jing Jing Feng, Lu Fen Guo, Nan Li, Wen Heng Liu, Guo Ju Li, Guang Hao, Xiao Lin Zu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.12.053
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 4 ,
Published online: January 6 2014
x Prehospital delay is the most critical factor to prognosis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Few study had examined a series of predictors of prehospital delay by multivariate analysis of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, onset features, and symptom condition of STEMI in China.
Seatbelt use during pregnancy Haywood L. Brown, Benjamin Harris, Chad A. Grotegut
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.11.029
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: November 14 2015
x Trauma resulting from motor vehicle crashes is the leading cause of nonobstetric maternal mortality in the United States and a major cause for maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity and mortality [1-4]. The purpose of this survey conducted of pregnant women during the antenatal period was to assess factors associated with lack of seatbelt restraint use during pregnancy.
Dyslipidemia and sternum fracture Cagdas Can, Umut Gulactı, Aydin Sarıhan, Hakan Topacoglu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.01.036
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: March 13 2013
x Tenderness over the sternum is a clue for possible sternal fracture. Sternal fractures usually occur at the body or manubrium. Lateral chest radiography could detect a sternum fracture, but the diagnosis is usually made by chest tomography. Traumatic sternum fracture considered as a marker of seriously life-threatening, high-energy injury. In hyperlipidemia, oxidized lipids accumulate in vascular tissues and trigger atherosclerosis. Such lipids also deposit in bone tissues where they may promote osteoporosis.
Dignitary medicine: adapting prehospital, preventive, tactical and travel medicine to new populations Roger A. Band, David W. Callaway, Bradley A. Connor, Brian P. Haughton, C. Crawford Mechem
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.10.019
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 7 ,
Published online: January 9 2012
x Dignitary Protection Medicine (DPM) is a new area of medical expertise that incorporates elements of virtually all medical and surgical specialties, drawing heavily from travel, tactical and expedition medicine. The fundamentals of DPM stem from the experiences of White House, State Department and other physicians who have traveled extensively with dignitaries. Furthermore, increased international travel of business executives and political dignitaries has mandated a need for proficiency in this realm.
A simple method of maintaining chilled saline in the prehospital setting Derek L. Isenberg, Michael J. Pasirstein
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.10.007
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: January 4 2012
x Mild therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to improve neurologic outcomes after sudden cardiac arrest. Therapeutic hypothermia should be started as soon as return of spontaneous circulation occurs. However, saline is difficult to keep chilled in the prehospital environment. We sought to determine whether a cooler and ice packs could keep saline cold under prehospital conditions.
Description of procedures performed on patients by emergency medical services during mass casualty incidents in the United States Mazen El Sayed, Hani Tamim, N. Clay Mann
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.04.035
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: April 25 2015
x Emergency medical services (EMS) preparedness is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality from mass casualty incidents (MCIs).
Clinical experience with landiolol hydrochloride in conservative management of blunt aortic injury Toru Hifumi, Ichiro Okada, Nobuaki Kiriu, Hiroshi Kato, Junichi Inoue, Yuichi Koido
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.03.044
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: April 29 2013
x Landiolol hydrochloride (LH) has advantages over other β -blockers because it has a shorter half-life (4 minutes) and its effects are titratable. In the acute-phase management of blunt aortic injuries (BAI), aggressive blood pressure management, reduction of heart rate, and decreased contractility with the administration of β -blockers are critical to reduce aortic wall tension. Here we report the first case of the use of LH in the conservative management of BAI. A 41-year-old man riding a motorcycle fell off his vehicle after colliding with a car.
Prospective correlation of arterial vs venous blood gas measurements in trauma patients Scott E. Rudkin, Christopher A. Kahn, Jennifer A. Oman, Matthew O. Dolich, Shahram Lotfipour, Stephanie Lush, Marla Gain, Charmaine Firme, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.09.027
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: December 14 2011
x The objective of this study is to assess if venous blood gas (VBG) results (pH and base excess [BE]) are numerically similar to arterial blood gas (ABG) in acutely ill trauma patients.
