DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90028-1
Published in issue: July 1983
Eric E. Harrison, Brent D. Amey
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90029-3
Published in issue: July 1983
xBretylium tosylate is recommended by the American Heart Association Standards for Advanced Cardiac Life Support for refractory ventricular fibrillation after countershock, sodium bicarbonate, and epinephrine. According to this protocol, paramedics gave five to six milligrams per kilogram of intravenous bretylium by bolus in 96 patients with refractory fibrillation over a 24-month period. A positive response was defined as the presence of a palpable pulse following bretylium and countershock. Thirty-five percent of patients () responded following bretylium.
Howard R. Lee, William F. Blank, Walter H. Massion, Paula Downs, Robert J. Wilder
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90030-X
Published in issue: July 1983
xThe effect of Military Anti-Shock Trousers (MAST) on inferior vena cava blood flow was studied during graded hypovolemia using a pump reservoir system and an in-line electromagnetic flowprobe. During hemorrhagic shock MAST inflation increased cardiac output 25.4% (Control: 0.92 ± 0.09 l/min) and arterial pressure 50% (Control: 60 ± 2 mmHg). The socalled “autotransfusion” effect due to blood displacement from the lower part of the body into the central circulation was found to be only 4.3 ± 0.6 ml/kg, a volume much less than previously estimated in the literature.
Charles L. Emerman, Richard M. Nowak, Michael C. Tomlanovich, Sam Yanari, Diana Sarkar, John A. Anderson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90031-1
Published in issue: July 1983
xNinety-three patients presenting with acute asthma to the emergency department were studied to determine theophylline levels and their relationship to airway obstruction, history of prior medication use, and side effects of treatment. The mean pretreatment theophylline level was 6.4 μg/ml. Patients on long-acting preparations had significantly higher levels than those on short-acting medications (p < 0.05). The mean post-treatment theophylline level was 16.7 μg/ml. Twenty-three patients had toxic levels post-treatment but none of these had a major adverse reaction.
Douglas A. Boenning, Gary R. Fleisher, Joseph M. Campos
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90032-3
Published in issue: July 1983
xFifty-five children with nonfacial dog bites were prospectively studied. Patients were assigned to an experimental group receiving oral penicillin or a control group receiving local wound care only. Wounds were cultured for anaerobic and aerobic flora prior to cleansing. Results showed that most children were bitten on an extremity by a familiar dog, sustained simple injuries, and sought prompt medical attention. The overall infection rate was 3.6%, with one patient in each group developing an infection.
Jerome R. Hoffman, Russell W. Neuhaus, Henry I. Baylis
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90033-5
Published in issue: July 1983
xA small number of patients suffer penetrating injury to the orbit in the absence of trauma to the globe. Hospital records from the Jules Stein Eye Institute and affiliated hospitals were reviewed to obtain such cases. Five cases of penetrating orbital trauma, in which the globe was spared, are discussed. Many of the injuries initially appeared trivial but subsequent complications were severe. A review of these cases suggests that the shape and speed of the penetrating object, the anatomical location of the entry wound, and the physical characteristics of intraorbital structures determine the character and severity of orbital injuries.
A.L. Iscovich
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90034-7
Published in issue: July 1983
xWe present a case of sudden cardiac death from hypoglycemia due to duodenal insulinoma in a previously healthy male. Cerebral neuroglycopenia symptoms were not evident and there was no knowledge of an existing insulinoma. It is suggested that glucose administration be considered in the setting of patients with suspected hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia. Rapid recognition and treatment could prevent cardiac irritability and death.1
Joseph Thek, Barbara J. Braun, John J. Skiendzielewski
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90035-9
Published in issue: July 1983
xThe toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a newly-recognized entity caused by a Staphylococcal exotoxin and associated with the use of tampons for menstrual protection. Two cases are presented which demonstrate the spectrum of severity of the disease. The common nature of its early symptoms necessitates a high index of suspicion to preclude a progression to the later stages of the disease, thereby reduring morbidity and mortality.
John Bernard Henry
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90036-0
Published in issue: July 1983
Larry J. Baraff, Jerome R. Hoffman, Robert L. Scanlan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90037-2
Published in issue: July 1983
Barry E. Brenner
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90038-4
Published in issue: July 1983
J.Thomas Ward Jr
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90039-6
Published in issue: July 1983
Edward J. Otten
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90040-2
Published in issue: July 1983
Toby L. Litovitz, Robert F. Larkin, Roy A.M. Myers
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90041-4
Published in issue: July 1983
Linda Peterson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90042-6
Published in issue: July 1983
William H. Rutherford, Roger C. Evans
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90043-8
Published in issue: July 1983
J.Douglas White
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90044-X
Published in issue: July 1983
Richard M. Nowak
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90045-1
Published in issue: July 1983
Thomas O. Stair
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90046-3
Published in issue: July 1983
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90047-5
Published in issue: July 1983
Thomas O. Stair
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90048-7
Published in issue: July 1983
Charles J. McCabe
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90049-9
Published in issue: July 1983
Glenn C. Hamilton
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90050-5
Published in issue: July 1983
Glenn C. Hamilton
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90051-7
Published in issue: July 1983
Glenn C. Hamilton
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90052-9
Published in issue: July 1983
Glenn C. Hamilton
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90053-0
Published in issue: July 1983
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90054-2
Published in issue: July 1983
