Interposed abdominal compression CPR (IAC-CPR): A glimmer of hope Nicholas G. Bircher, Norman S. Abramson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(84)80018-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1984
IAC-CPR: The need for clinical studies Charles F. Babbs
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90051-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1984
Pre-hospital IAC-CPR versus standard CPR: Paramedic resuscitation of cardiac arrests James R. Mateer, Harlan A. Stueven, Bruce M. Thompson, Charles Aprahamian, Joseph C. Darin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90038-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Recent studies evaluating interposed abdominal compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (IAC-CPR) have demonstrated a significant increase in cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, and cerebral perfusion, as compared with standard CPR. A clinical evaluation of IAC-CPR effectiveness on resuscitation out-come has not been reported. A prospective randomized study comparing IAC-CRP with standard CPR for resuscitation of pre-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest was undertaken using the Milwaukee County Paramedic System.
Effect of interposed abdominal compression during CPR on central arterial and venous pressures John L. McDonald
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90041-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Despite the problems inherent in estimating blood flow from pressure, determination of systolic arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is common and probably valuable as an indicator of potential systemic flow. The addition of interposed abdominal compression (IAC) to closed-chest CPR has been promoted because of its potential to increase systolic arterial pressure during CPR. Interposed abdominal compressions have also reportedly increased diastolic arterial-central venous pressure difference (DA-DCVP) and, thus, have the potential to increase coronary vascular flow.
Perfusion of the cerebral cortex by use of abdominal counterpulsation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation John W. Walker, James C. Bruestle, Blaine C. White, A.Thomas Evans, Richard Indreri, Howard Bialek
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90039-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1984
x Perfusion of the cerebral cortex (rCCBF) during resuscitation from cardiac arrest was studied using 24 large dogs and three different resuscitation models. Conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was compared with interposed abdominal compression CPR (IAC-CPR) and with IAC-CPR together with infusion of epinephrine. Conventional CPR produced a mean rCCBF of only 11% (0.057 ± 0.07 ml/min/g) normal perfusion (0.54 ± 0.14 ml/min/g). Even without epinephrine, IAC-CPR produced mean rCCBF equal to 51% (0.27 ± 0.17 ml/min/g) of normal.
Gastric insufflation during IAC-CPR and standard CPR in a canine model Charles F. Babbs, William E. Schoenlein, Mark W. Lowe
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90029-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x This study was undertaken to determine the effect of interposed abdominal compressions (IAC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on gastric insufflation when the airway is not secured with an endotracheal tube. A canine model was used in which a common ventilation pressure was applied to separate cuffed esophageal and tracheal tubes. Gas entering the stomach was collected by a pre-placed gastrostomy tube leading to a bell spirometer. Gas entering the lungs was measured with a Wright Respirometer® in series with the endotracheal tube.
Combination of chest compressions and interposed abdominal compressions in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation Marios Georgiou, Elizabeth Papathanassoglou, Nicos Middleton, Apostolos Papalois, Theodoros Xanthos
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.008
Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: February 12 2016
x The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the combination of chest compressions and interposed abdominal compressions (IAC-CPR) in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation (VF).
Abdominal counterpulsation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Animal models and theoretical considerations Charles F. Babbs
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90043-9
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Abdominal counterpulsation improves blood flow during other-wise standard CPR in animal models and in electronic models of the circulation. The method generates both central aortic and central venous pressure pulses. Success depends upon maximizing the former and minimizing the latter. Solution of a simple, first-order, differential equation may provide insight into proper technique. The equation suggests that the central arteriovenous pressure difference is maximized when pressure is applied directly over the abdominal aorta and when fluid loading is avoided.
Cardiac, thoracic, and abdominal pump mechanisms in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Studies in an electrical model of the circulation Charles F. Babbs, J.Christopher Weaver, Sandra H. Ralston, Leslie A. Geddes
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90124-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
x To investigate alternative mechanisms generating artificial circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), an electrical model of the circulation was developed. Heart and blood vessels were modeled as resistive-capacitive networks; pressures in the chest, abdomen, and vascular compartments as voltages; blood flow as electric current; blood inertia as inductance; and the cardiac and venous valves as diodes. External pressurization of thoracic and abdominal vessels, as would occur in CPR, was simulated by application of half-sinusoidal voltage pulses.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation using only rhythmic abdominal compressions: Are chest compressions still necessary? Eric M. Rottenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.011
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: March 2008
x Geddes et al [1] published a preliminary animal study introducing a new method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in which rescuers use only abdominal compressions (OAC) to resuscitate sudden ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, which they referred to as OAC-CPR. They reported that the idea of using abdominal compressions during CPR originated with Ralston et al [2] who studied the use of interposed abdominal compressions (IAC) with standard chest-compressions CPR (or IAC-CPR). They suggested that it was logical to explore the potential of using abdominal compressions without chest compressions because blood flow during IAC-CPR was found to be double that of standard chest-compressions CPR, therefore prompting them to conduct their study.
Impressions from the Fifth Purdue Conference: It's time to re-emphasize defibrillation W.A. Tacker Jr., Charles F. Babbs
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90045-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
Pancreatic injury associated with interposed abdominal compressions in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation Peter J. Waldman, Bradford L. Walters, C.F.V. Grunau
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90076-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: November 1984
A call to study improved cardiac life support Charles F. Babbs, Blaine C. White
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90023-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1985
Author response Leslie A. Geddes
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.012
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: March 2008
x Regarding the Ralston introduction of interposed Abdominal Compression (IAC) CPR, she did her work in my lab in 1980; the paper appeared in 1982 [1]. In all cases, the ventricles were fibriliating. The paper by Coletti et al [2] was published in the same year, but OAC was used to assist the failing beating dog heart. We agree, OAC is a safe and useful method of assisting the circulation as was shown in our paper by the increasing coronary perfusion when compared in the SAME animal using standard chest-compression CPR.
Cardiac dysrhythmia simulation for training medical professionals : Hans Loevdahl, Nicholas Bircher, William Kaye, Stig Holmberg. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90149-9
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Interposed abdominal compression CPR versus standard CPR in prehospital cardiopulmonary arrest: Preliminary results : James R. Mateer, Harlan A. Stueven, Bruce M. Thompson, Charles Aprahamian, Joseph Darin. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90150-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Effect of epinephrine on diastolic arterial—Diastolic central venous pressure difference during CPR in humans : John L. McDonald. Santa Rosa Memorial Hospital, Santa Rosa, CA 95402
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90151-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Drug selection and delivery in cardiopulmonary resuscitation Michael I. Greenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90050-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1984
The need for abdominal only CPR in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock and trauma arrests Eric M. Rottenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.077
Publication stage: In Press Accepted Manuscript
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: April 4 2016
x To the Editor,
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation training experience and self-efficacy of age and gender group: a nationwide community survey Young Sun Ro, Sang Do Shin, Kyoung Jun Song, Sung Ok Hong, Young Taek Kim, Sung-Il Cho
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.001
Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: December 7 2015
x We hypothesized that recent hands-on practice for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) would be strongly associated with a higher likelihood of self-efficacy in bystander CPR among laypersons according to age and gender group.
Protection from reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart : Stephen F. Badylak, Abby Simmons, Charles F. Babbs. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90193-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1986
Effects of abdominal compression in three modes of CPR : F. Bertrand, V. Einagel, Ch. Roussos, S. Magder. Royal Victoria Hospital, Montréal
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90194-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1986
Improving clinical outcomes in cardiac arrest cases through chest compression–only cardiopulmonary resuscitation Kohhei Nakagawa
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.09.004
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 29 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: October 22 2010
x This literature reveals the challenges of teaching mouth-to-mouth (MTM) ventilation, and the authors suggest that MTM ventilation be omitted from cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) courses [1]. From my experience as a CPR instructor and designer of resuscitation courses for laypersons, I strongly agree with their recommendation and would like to augment their discussion with additional evidence and suggest what a good CPR course for laypersons should be.
Comparative effectiveness of standard CPR vs active compression-decompression CPR with CardioPump for treatment of cardiac arrest Yahya Kemal Günaydın, Bora Çekmen, Nazire Belgin Akıllı, Ramazan Köylü, Ekrem Taha Sert, Başar Cander
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.066
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: December 23 2015
x Despite all of the studies conducted on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the mortality rate of cardiac arrest patients is still high. This has led to a search for alternative methods. One of these methods is active compression-decompression CPR (ACD-CPR) performed with the CardioPump.
Can cardiopulmonary resuscitation using only abdominal compressions provide greater oxygenation and perfusion of vital organs than only chest compressions? Eric M. Rottenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.09.010
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: October 22 2012
x Xanthos and colleagues [1] compared survival and neurologic outcome in animals after receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using only abdominal compressions (OAC-CPR) vs only chest compressions (OCC-CPR). Compressions with a Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System (LUCAS) device, which enhances sternal recoil, were performed at a 100-per-minute rate, at a duty cycle of 50:50, and likely with an adequate force necessary to achieve a compression depth of 30% of the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax (known optimal compression depth for 19 ± 2-kg Landrace piglets used in this study based on one of their previous studies), after 8 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation.
Cardiac arrest: Lessons from the Fifth Purdue Conference Richard O. Cummins
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90044-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
Effective CPR at high altitudes likely requires oxygen-supplemented continuous abdominal compressions Eric M. Rottenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.09.022
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 12 ,
Published online: September 25 2014
x Dr Wang and colleagues [1] studied the physiological effects and quality of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at sea level and high altitude. Thirty-eight participants were asked to perform continuous chest compression CPR (CCC-CPR) for 5 minutes at sea level and at high altitude. They quantified the quality of the chest compressions and measured the rescuers' blood oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and fatigue, as measured with the Borg score, after CCC-CPR compared with resting levels.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality among lifeguards: self-perception, knowledge, and performance Ana Catarina Queiroga, Roberto Barcala-Furelos, Cristian Abelairas-Gómez, Óscar Farto-Ramírez, José Antonio Prieto-Saborit, Antonio Rodríguez-Núñez
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.08.077
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 11 ,
Published online: September 6 2014
x Drowning continues to be a leading cause of accidental death worldwide. In case of drowning, duration of hypoxia is the critical outcome factor. Therefore, immediate good-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at the scene, with early ventilations, is essential to increase the chances of survival and to reduce the neurologic damage of survivors [1,2]. Evidence indicates that in real life, quality of CPR, even when performed by staff with duty to assist, used to be poor [3–10]. In drowning events, the extreme physical conditions in which lifeguards have to perform CPR (sometimes after performing victim's water rescue), may result in even worse CPR quality [11].
Comparative pathology of open-chest versus closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs : Stephen F. Badylak, Karl B. Kern, Willis A. Tucker, Gordon A. Ewy, Wolfgang Janas, Alice Carter. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90192-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1986
Low-energy direct defibrillation—Safe and effective : C. L. Lake, T. D. Sellers, R. S. Crampton, S. P. Nolan, H. A. Wellons, Jr., I. K. Crosby. University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90148-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
External cardiopulmonary resuscitation preserves brain viability after prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs Mark Angelos, Peter Safar, Harvey Reich
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(91)90209-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 9 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1991
x Standard external cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) steps A-B-C produce a low blood flow that may or may not preserve brain viability during prolonged cardiac arrest. A dog model was used with ventricular fibrillation (VF) of 20 minutes, reperfusion with brief cardiopulmonary bypass, controlled ventilation to 20 hours, and intensive care to 96 hours. A retrospective comparison was made of the results of one series, now called “group I” (n = 10)—which received CPR basic life support interposed from VF 10 to 15 minutes, and CPR advanced life support with epinephrine (without defibrillation) from VF 15 to 20 minutes—to the results of another series, now “control group II” (n = 10)—which received VF no flow (no CPR) for 20 minutes.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: is the ED visit an opportunity to recommend education? Marna Rayl Greenberg, Gavin C. Barr Jr., Jon D. Willardson, Nicholas M. Dowling, Jennifer L. Sears, Valerie Rupp, Kimberly Hamilton, Kevin R. Weaver
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.09.028
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: November 19 2012
x The incidence of sudden cardiac death in the United States is between 180
Response Lu Xie
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.09.008
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: March 2008
x I agree with your opinion that unsuccessful outcomes after successful CPR are in part due to impaired cerebral function caused by ischemic brain injury. Epinephrine is currently a suboptimal drug for CPR and needs to be evaluated further. The problem is how to reduce or avoid the adverse effect of epinephrine during and after CPR. If possible, we should do our best to search for a better therapeutic drug for cardiac arrest.
Evolution and new perspective of chest compression mechanical devices Alejandra Gaxiola, Joseph Varon
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.016
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 8 ,
Published in issue: October 2008
x Cardiac arrest is a major concern in health care, owing to its high incidence and mortality rates. Since the development of external cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), there has been little advancement in nonpharmacologic therapies that have increased survival rates associated with cardiac arrest. Consequently, there has been much interest in the development of new techniques to improve the efficacy of CPR, particularly in the development of devices. Initially, many of the devices developed were not considered functional and failed to gain acceptance in the clinical setting.
Compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation vs standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation: an updated meta-analysis of observational studies Lan Yao, Peng Wang, Lili Zhou, Mingdi Chen, Yuanshan Liu, Xiaozhu Wei, Zitong Huang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.01.055
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: February 6 2014
x To perform an updated meta-analysis of observational studies with unstratified cohort addressing whether compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), compared with standard CPR, improves outcomes in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and a subgroup meta-analysis for the patients with cardiac etiology arrest.
Review of all studies of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in animal models reported in the emergency medicine literature for the past 10 years C.J. Holliman, M.A. Bates
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(92)90017-R
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 10 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1992
Successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest using mechanicalCPR Lee-Min Wang, Chen-Hsen Lee, Low-Tone HO, Chi-Houng Chang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2000.7362
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 18 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2000
x Manually-performed external chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) produces only a quarter to a third of the normal blood flow. The systolic and diastolic pressures generated by the standard manual technique, even if optimally performed are barely adequate to sustain life. Automatic resuscitators can provide chest compressions or ventilations during CPR. The device has many advantages to perform standard “American Heart Association” (AHA) CPR.
A new cardiopulmonary resuscitation method using only rhythmic abdominal compression: A preliminary report Leslie A. Geddes, Ann Rundell, Aaron Lottes, Andre Kemeny, Michael Otlewski
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.04.001
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 25 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: September 2007
x This article introduces 2 new cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) concepts: (1) the use of only rhythmic abdominal compression (OAC) to produce blood flow during CPR with ventricular fibrillation and (2) a new way of describing coronary perfusion effectiveness, namely, the area between the aortic and right atrial pressure curves, summed over 1 minute, the units being millimeters of mercury per second. We call this unit the coronary perfusion index (CPI). True mean coronary perfusion pressure is CPI/60.
Survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with early initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation Richard O. Cummins, Mickey S. Eisenberg, Alfred P. Hallstrom, Paul E. Litwin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90032-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Records on 1,297 people with witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, caused by heart disease and treated by both emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics, were examined to determine whether or not early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiated by bystanders independently improved survival. Bystanders initiated CPR for 579 patients (bystander CPR); for the remaining 718 patients, CPR was delayed until the arrival of EMTs (delayed CPR). Survival was significantly better (P < 0.05) in the bystander-CPR group (32%) than in the delayed-CPR group (22%).
After the 2010 guidelines: less fear and more cardiopulmonary resuscitation Simone Savastano, Vincenzo Vanni, Karen Langord
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.06.013
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: June 19 2014
x It is well known that prompt and good quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is fundamental for cardiac arrest victim survival. However, it has been demonstrated by us [1] and other authors [1-10] that the fears of lay rescuers negatively influence the willingness to perform CPR on a stranger. This could explain the lack of increase in the percentage of bystander CPR in the last few years. We have previously found that the main fears are the dread of not being capable, causing physical harm, facing legal consequences, and contracting an infectious disease.
Adult and pediatric CPR: Attitudes and expectations of health professionals and laypersons David Roberts, Donna Hirschman, Karen Scheltema
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2000.7338
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 18 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2000
x Nationally accepted resuscitation courses offer few guidelines for terminating unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resusitation (CPR). Data were collected from 305 physicians and nurses in 1988/1989 and 401 physicians, nurses, and laypersons in 1998/1999 to assess their attitudes and expectations about adult and pediatric CPR. Respondents felt pediatric CPR efforts should continue longer than adult CPR efforts. Respondents in 1998/1999 felt CPR efforts did not need to continue as long as the 1988/1989 respondents felt.
Proper performance of chest compressions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation Jaehoon Oh, Youngsuk Cho, Hyunggoo Kang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.08.035
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: October 22 2012
x Sebbane et al [1] reported that an annual refresher course is an important factor for nurses and nurses' aides to accurately perform chest compression (CC) depth while standing next to a stretcher. Several points of interest were raised by this article. First, we found that the participants who were trained on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) within the previous year performed CC at a rate of approximately 120 per minute with the patient either on the floor or on a stretcher, whereas others performed CC with 100 per minute on both surfaces [1].
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention in family members of cardiac patients Debra K. Moser, Kathleen Dracup, Peter M. Guzy, Shelley E. Taylor, Christine Breu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(90)90150-X
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 8 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: November 1990
x The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of a retention strategy would maintain cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills in family members of cardiac patients. Thirty-one subjects trained in CPR recelved retention packets 3 and 6 months after CPR training. Sixteen subjects were tested for CPR retention at 7 months after initial training, and 15 at 12 months. Likelihood χ 2 was used to compare the 7- and 12-month groups. There were no differences between the 7- and 12-month groups, because CPR retention overall was poor.
The physiological effects and quality of chest compressions during CPR at sea level and high altitude Jen-Chun Wang, Shih-Hung Tsai, Yu-Long Chen, Chin-Wang Hsu, Kuan-Cheng Lai, Wen-I Liao, Ling-Yuan Li, Wei-Fong Kao, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.07.007
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 10 ,
Published online: July 29 2014
x Rescuers that undergo acute ascent without acclimatization can experience acute mountain sickness. Although performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for a short period requires intensive effort at sea level, performing CPR at high altitude is even more exhausting and can endanger the rescuer. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study to compare the quality of resuscitation in health professionals at high altitude (3100 m) and that at sea level.
Usefulness of admission matrix metalloproteinase 9 as a predictor of early mortality after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in cardiac arrest patients Kenan Ahmet Turkdogan, Ali Zorlu, Fatma Mutlu Kukul Guven, Ismail Ekinozu, Umut Eryigit, Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.02.017
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: May 25 2012
x Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a central role in disease progression after ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, its prognostic significance in cardiac arrest (CA) patients having cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between admission MMP-9 level and early mortality in CA patients.
The effect of time since training on house officers' retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills Mary E. Mancini, William Kaye
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90008-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1985
x Currently, the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that physicians be certified in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) every two years. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of time since training on retention of CPR skills of physicians and to identify at what point performance deteriorates to a level requiring retraining with supervised practice. The physicians' performance of CPR one year or less after training was compared with that of more than one year after training. Thirty-three medical residents who had been taught CPR by the same instructor were tested without warning for one-person CPR on a recording mannikin.
Retention of CPR skills Robert T. Kiskaddon, George L. Sternbach
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90214-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1985
The authors reply Mary E. Mancini, William Kaye
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90215-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1985
Prediction of survival from cardiopulmonary resuscitation by CPR instructors Donald Alves, Michele Wallace, John Allegra, Greg Cable
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2004.04.027
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 22 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2004
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and sudden cardiac death: An annotated bibliography of the 1984 literature Richard O. Cummins
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90223-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1985
Relationship between duration of prehospital resuscitation and favorable prognosis in ventricular fibrillation Takahiro Arima, Osamu Nagata, Koji Sakaida, Takeshi Miura, Hiroyuki Kakuchi, Katsuki Ikeda, Tomoya Mizushima, Azusa Takahashi
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.02.031
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 5 ,
Published online: February 23 2015
x There appears to be an optimal point in balancing the relative benefits of extending the resuscitation time to obtain return of spontaneous circulation in the prehospital setting and the initiation of therapies such as extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study investigated how prehospital CPR duration is related to survival and neurologic outcome in ventricular fibrillation (VF) and tried to find the tolerable time for prehospital resuscitation.
Is there an alternative to mouth-to-mouth breathing? Leslie A. Geddes, Ann E. Rundell
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.05.017
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 9 ,
Published in issue: November 2008
x Is there an alternative to mouth-to-mouth breathing? In view of the present-day state of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), we believe it is time to rethink CPR.
Bag ‘em or tube ‘em: how to decide Eric M. Rottenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.05.021
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 8 ,
Published online: May 21 2014
x In an effort to identify or at least shed light on optimal out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) airway management strategies, McMullan et al [1] compared OHCA outcomes between patients receiving endotracheal intubation (ETI) vs supraglottic airway (SGA) and between patients receiving ETI or SGA and those receiving no advanced airway. They found that survival was higher among OHCA receiving ETI than those receiving SGA and for patients who received no advanced airway than those receiving ETI or SGA.
Dog bites: The controversy continues Charles G. Brown, James J. Ashton
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90022-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1985
Very brief training for laypeople in hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Effect of real-time feedback Violeta González-Salvado, Felipe Fernández-Méndez, Roberto Barcala-Furelos, Carlos Peña-Gil, José Ramón González-Juanatey, Antonio Rodríguez-Núñez
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.047
Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: February 21 2016
x Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but rates and performance quality remain low. Although training laypeople is a primary educational goal, the optimal strategy is not well defined. This study aimed to determine whether a short training with real-time feedback was able to improve hands-only CPR among untrained citizens.
Quality of chest compressionwith CardioPump CPR compared to single rescuer standard BLS Andrzej Kurowski, Lukasz Czyżewski, Lukasz Bogdański, Piotr Zaśko, Katarzyna Karczewska, Lukasz Szarpak
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.10.027
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: October 20 2014
x Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death worldwide [1,2]. High-quality chest compressions (CCs) are of paramount importance for survival and good neurologic outcome. Unfortunately, even health professionals have difficulty performing effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Chest compression is often too shallow, compression ratio is inadequate, and hands-off time is too long [1,3,4]. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation feedback devices might be an option for rescuers to increase CC efficiency [2,4].
Improvement of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bending and pressing the lower extremities Li Xiang, Huang Hui, Fang Jindong, Liu Jing, Fang Li
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.11.006
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 2 ,
Published online: December 20 2012
x The success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is very low. The mortality rate after reaching the hospital is still as high as 50% to 70% [1,2]. Although a variety of methods have been invented to improve the success rate [3-5], a number of factors limited their application.
Quality of chest compressions during compression-only CPR: a comparative analysis following the 2005 and 2010 American Heart Association guidelines Zhengfei Yang, Heng Li, Tao Yu, Changwei Chen, Jiefeng Xu, Yueyong Chu, Tianen Zhou, Longyuan Jiang, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.09.043
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: November 8 2013
x The latest guidelines both increased the requirements of chest compression rate and depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), which may make it more difficult for the rescuer to provide high-quality chest compression. In this study, we investigated the quality of chest compressions during compression-only CPR under the latest 2010 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines (AHA 2010) and its effect on rescuer fatigue.
Iron delocalization into the cerebrospinal fluid during cardiac resuscitation in dogs : Robert Walker, Blaine C. White, Thomas Hoehner, Marilyn Probst, John F. Hildebrandt. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90167-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Flunarizine in the treatment of experimental canine cardiac arrest : A. Wauquier, H. L. Edmonds, Jr., W. Melis, J. Van Loon. Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90168-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Direct evaluation of the effect of filtering the chest compression artifacts on the uninterrupted cardiopulmonary resuscitation time Jesús Ruiz, Unai Ayala, Sofía Ruiz de Gauna, Unai Irusta, Digna González-Otero, Elisabete Aramendi, Erik Alonso, Trygve Eftestøl
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.02.044
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: May 15 2013
x Filtering the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) artifact has been a major approach to minimizing interruptions to CPR for rhythm analysis. However, the effects of these filters on interruptions to CPR have not been evaluated. This study presents the first methodology for directly quantifying the effects of filtering on the uninterrupted CPR time.
Life-threatening hemothorax due to azygos vein rupture after chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation Euiseok Yang, WonJoon Jeong, JunWan Lee, SeungWhan Kim
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.04.019
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 11 ,
Published online: April 18 2014
x Hemothorax is not an uncommon cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)–related complication. But hemothorax related to azygos vein injury (AVI) is a rare condition following blunt chest trauma, with no report of CPR-related AVI in the literature. We present a case of azygos vein rupture in a middle-aged woman after repeated chest compression during 1 hour of CPR. She eventually presented with massive hemothorax due to azygos vein rupture diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). When faced with a patient with massive hemothorax after chest compression, azygos vein rupture should be considered as a complication.
Which intravascular access method to choose during cardiopulmonary resuscitation? Łukasz Szarpak, Zenon Truszewski, Jacek Smereka
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.061
Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: February 29 2016
x We read with great interest the paper by Cho et al [1] describing needle guides for venous catheter insertion during chest compressions. They use needle guides during ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization (CVC) with and without chest compressions on manikin. Catheterization was performed by anesthesiologists stuff.
The potential gradient field created by epicardial defibrillation electrodes in dogs : Raymond E. Ideker, Peng-Sheng Chen. Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90203-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1986
Three mechanical techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a canine model: 24-Hour survival and neurological outcome : Karl B. Kern, Alice B. Carpenter, Russell L. Showen, William D. Voorhees, Charles F. Babbs, Willis A. Tacker, Gordon A. Ewy. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90204-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1986
A higher chest compression rate may be necessary for metronome-guided cardiopulmonary resuscitation Tae Nyoung Chung, Sun Wook Kim, Je Sung You, Young Soon Cho, Sung Phil Chung, Incheol Park
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.11.026
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: January 5 2011
x Metronome guidance is a simple and economical feedback system for guiding cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, a recent study showed that metronome guidance reduced the depth of chest compression. The results of previous studies suggest that a higher chest compression rate is associated with a better CPR outcome as compared with a lower chest compression rate, irrespective of metronome use. Based on this finding, we hypothesized that a lower chest compression rate promotes a reduction in chest compression depth in the recent study rather than metronome use itself.
Airway interventions in the field Paul M. Paris
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90052-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1984
Compressing with dominant hand improves quality of manual chest compressions for rescuers who performed suboptimal CPR in manikins Juan Wang, Ce Tang, Lei Zhang, Yushun Gong, Changlin Yin, Yongqin Li
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.04.007
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 7 ,
Published online: April 9 2015
x The question of whether the placement of the dominant hand against the sternum could improve the quality of manual chest compressions remains controversial. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of dominant vs nondominant hand positioning on the quality of conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during prolonged basic life support (BLS) by rescuers who performed optimal and suboptimal compressions.
Comparison of mechanical techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Survival and neurologic outcome in dogs Karl B. Kern, Alice B. Carter, Russell L. Showen, William D. Voorhees III, Charles F. Babbs, Willis A. Tacker, Gordon A. Ewy
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(87)90318-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 5 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1987
x Three currently available mechanical devices for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were compared using a canine cardiac arrest model. Twenty-four-hour survival without neurologic deficit was the goal. A group of 30 large mongrel dogs was divided equally among Thumper® CPR, simultaneous compression and ventilation (SCV) CPR, and vest CPR. Ventricular fibrillation was induced electrically, and after 3 minutes of no intervention, one of the three types of mechanical CPR was performed for 17 minutes.
The need for head rotation and abdominal compressions during bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation Eric M. Rottenberg
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2006.01.026
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 24 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 2006
x The current AHA-ECC guidelines for basic life support focus on the provision of good chest compressions with minimal interruptions for patients with presumed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Moreover, international consensus guidelines now support the use of chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) instructions for dispatcher-assisted CPR given over the phone to untrained bystanders. However, evidence that strongly challenge these recommendations have been overlooked. A review of this evidence argues for the need for head rotation (a hands-free method of airway control) and abdominal compressions during bystander CPR.
Meta-analysis of outcomes of the 2005 and 2010 cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines for adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest Aiqun Zhu, Jingping Zhang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.03.008
Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: March 8 2016
x The post–cardiac arrest survival rate has remained low since the 2010 cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines were published. The present study aimed to review the 2010 vs 2005 CPR guideline outcomes in adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Gastric perforation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation Sayed Mahdi Jalali, Hassan Emami-Razavi, Asieh Mansouri
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.12.032
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: August 6 2012
x Gastric rupture is a rare complication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In most cases, incorrect management of airways during CPR is the main cause. Therefore, a medical emergency becomes a surgical emergency also. We present a case of gastric perforation in a middle-aged patient after CPR performed by his family. He eventually presented with bloody vomitus and a tympanic abdomen. When faced with a patient with abdominal signs post-CPR, surgical complications of CPR should be considered.
The effects of 3 different compression methods on intrathoracic pressure in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation Wei Yuan, Shuo Wang, Chun-Sheng Li
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.06.010
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: September 3 2012
x The aim of this study was to provide a realistic comparison of 3 different extracorporeal compression methods during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on intrathoracic pressure (ITP), hemodynamics, and oxygen metabolism in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation (VF).
Regional blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation with abdominal counterpulsation in dogs William D. Voorhees, Sandra H. Ralston, Charles F. Babbs
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(84)80003-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1984
x The addition of abdominal counterpulsation to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (AC-CPR) during ventricular fibrillation has been shown to improve cardiac output, oxygen uptake, and central arterial blood pressure in dogs. The present study was performed to determine the effect of AC-CPR on regional blood flow. Regional blood flow was measured with radioactively labeled microspheres during sinus rhythm and during alternate periods of AC-CPR and standard CPR (STD-CPR) in nine dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation feedback improves the quality of chest compression provided by hospital health care professionals Charles N. Pozner, Adam Almozlino, Jonathan Elmer, Stephen Poole, De'Ann McNamara, David Barash
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.01.008
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 29 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: May 3 2010
x High-quality chest compressions (CCs) are an important component of successful resuscitation. Suboptimal in-hospital CC are commonly reported. Skill degradation and fatigue have been implicated. We assessed the effect of a handheld feedback device on the measured and perceived quality of CC and rescuer physiologic response.
Shortening of cardiopulmonary resuscitation time before the defibrillation worsens the outcome in out-of-hospital VF patients Mineji Hayakawa, Satoshi Gando, Hiroyuki Okamoto, Yasufumi Asai, Shinji Uegaki, Hiroshi Makise
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.03.043
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: May 2009
x The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) time before the first defibrillation.
The pharyngeotracheal lumen airway (continuing report of a new airway for emergency ventilation) : Eugene N. Searberry, James T. Niemann, Penelope J. Hooks. University of Texas, Houston, TX 77043
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90166-9
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
The survival benefit of early CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : R. O. Cummins, M. S. Eisenberg, A. Hallstrom, L. Bergner, P. Litwin. University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90139-6
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Resident physician predictions of survival from cardiopulmonary resuscitation Donald Alves, John Allegra, Paul Allegra, Michele Wallace
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2005.03.011
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 23 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: October 2005
x Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is highlighted frequently on television, portraying unrealistically high success rates. Multiple surveys have also revealed unrealistically high expectations of success. Jones et al [1] found expectations to be as high as 75% among the American public and attributed this to the use of television as a source of information. Roberts et al [2], in a study of attending physicians and nurses, found predictions of 24% and 30% survival for adult CPRs, respectively. Overall survival rates to hospital discharge, however, average less than 16% both for out-of-hospital and inhospital arrests [3-9].
A new cardiopulmonary resuscitation method using only rhythmic abdominal compression is hard Toshikazu Abe, Yasuharu Tokuda, Shinichi Ishimatsu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.12.011
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: June 2008
x We read with great interest the article by Geddes et al. concerning a new CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) method using OAC (only rhythmic abdominal compression). However, we note several issues. First, the authors tried investigating how to maintain coronary perfusion when CPA (cardiopulmonary arrest) with ventricular fibrillation had occurred. But the most important objective of CPR is not to maintain coronary perfusion, but it is to protect the brain from the hypoxia so that patients would gain favorable neurological outcome [1,2].
Cardiac tamponade secondary to cardiopulmonary resuscitation in apatient receiving antiplatelet therapy Yoshikazu Hachiro, Hitoshi Okada, Tatsuya Hayakawa, Izumi Matsubara, Kozi Maekawa, Toshiaki Tanaka
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2000.18128
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 18 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: November 2000
x Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a well-recognized means of CPR maintaining circulation during cardiac arrest. However, CPR can cause a variety of complications even when performed properly. Documented complications of standard CPR include rib fractures, sternal fractures, pneumothorax, and rarely cardiac, gastric, or hepatic complications.1-3 Cardiac tamponade caused by CPR is rare and is most often caused by fractures of the ribs or sternum.
Prolonged cardiac arrest: successful resuscitation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Chun-Wen Chiu, Hsu-Heng Yen, Chun-Chieh Chiu, Ying-Cheng Chen, Fu-Yuan Siao
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.06.040
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 11 ,
Published online: September 23 2013
x Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support can extend the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but prolonged CPR may develop multiple organ failure, and neurologic death is a major complication. We present a case of a 35-year-old woman with fulminant myocarditis secondary to H1N1 influenza A infection, in which cardiac arrest was refractory to prolonged conventional CPR. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated 250 minutes after prolonged CPR. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation provided cardiopulmonary life support for prolonged CPR, achieving a sustained return of spontaneous circulation, which allowed further treatment and made a good recovery with intact cerebral performance.
Push-fast recommendation on performing CPR causes excessive chest compression rates, a manikin model Ming-Yuan Hong, Jui-Yi Tsou, Pai-Chin Tsao, Chih-Jan Chang, Hsiang-Chin Hsu, Tsung-Yu Chan, Sheng-Hsiang Lin, Chih-Hsien Chi, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.08.074
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 12 ,
Published online: September 6 2014
x Increasing chest compression rate during cardiopulmonary resuscitation can affect the workload and, ultimately, the quality of chest compression. This study examines the effects of compression at the rate of as-fast-as-you-can on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance.
Hemoconcentration during cardiac arrest and CPR Dietrich Jehle, Albert B. Fiorello, Eric Brader, Eric Cottington, Richard J. Kozak
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(94)90269-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 12 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1994
x The objective of this study was to determine if hemoconcentration occurs during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The design was an animal model of cardiac arrest and CPR performed at a research institute using six mongrel dogs. After the induction of cardiac arrest, animals were subjected to 4 minutes of ventricular fibrillation followed by 20 minutes of CPR. Resuscitation was then achieved using countershocks, drugs, and intravenous fluids. Hemoglobin concentrations were obtained before arrest and every 5 minutes during CPR.
High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation: we need to know more Wei Li, Xuezhong Yu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.07.080
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 10 ,
Published online: July 30 2015
x In the August 2015 issue of the American Journal of Emergency Department , Soo Hoon Lee and his colleagues [1] have drawn the interesting and reasonable conclusion that current recommended chest compression (CC) depth (≥
Extensive injury after use of a mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation device J. Wind, S.C.A.M. Bekkers, L.J.H. van Hooren, L.W.E. van Heurn
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.11.018
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 8 ,
Published in issue: October 2009
x We report a case of a 49-year-old woman with a ruptured liver and spleen found at autopsy, which may have been related to the use of a mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device (AutoPulse, ZOLL Medical Corporation, Chelmsford, Mass). She was admitted because of an out-of-hospital resuscitation, and under the suspicion of a pulmonary embolism, a thrombolytic agent was administered. Despite prolonged continuation of mechanical CPR, she died of persistent asystole. The evidence for improved outcomes after the use of a mechanical CPR device during resuscitation is still scarce.
Developments in external cardiac pacing : M. Kent Coxon, Norm Dinerman. Denver Department of Health and Hospitals, Denver, CO 80204
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90138-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Effectiveness of mouth-to-mouth ventilation after video self-instruction training in laypersons Hyuk J. Choi, Christopher C. Lee, Tae H. Lim, Bo S. Kang, Adam J. Singer, Mark C. Henry
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2009.02.015
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 28 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: February 8 2010
x Mouth-to-mouth ventilation is a skill taught in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training for laypersons. However, its effectiveness is questioned. Our aim was to determine the effectiveness of mouth-to-mouth ventilation training using a self-instruction CPR training video for laypersons.
The effect of epinephrine versus methoxamine on regional myocardial blood flow and defibrillation rates following a prolonged cardiorespiratory arrest in a swine model Charles G. Brown, Steven E. Katz, Howard A. Werman, Tuan Luu, Eric A. Davis, Robert L. Hamlin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(87)90382-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 5 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1987
x Recent studies in swine have shown that larger doses of epinephrine than those currently employed for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) significantly improve regional myocardial blood flow following prolonged cardiac arrest. The dose-response effect of a pure alpha-adrenergic agonist, methoxamine, on regional myocardial blood flow has not been investigated in this setting. This study compared the effect of high-dose epinephrine with graded doses of methoxamine on regional myocardial blood flow, oxygen delivery/utilization, and defibrillation rates during CPR.
Electroventilation : L. A. Geddes, W. D. Voorhees, III, C. F. Babbs. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90140-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Rescuer factors predict high-quality CPR—a manikin-based study of health care providers Chi-Chun Lin, Chan-Wei Kuo, Chip-Jin Ng, Wen-Cheng Li, Yi-Ming Weng, Jih-Chang Chen
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.09.001
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: September 7 2015
x In the provision of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by health care providers, factors associated with high-quality CPR should be explored.
Student, instructor, and course factors predicting achievement in CPR training classes Robert T. Brennan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(91)90080-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 9 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1991
x Twenty-three chapters of the American Red Cross located in the Northeast participated in this study of achievement in adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) classes. Sixty-eight classes offered to the public were studied by a pencil-and-paper survey and a specially developed written test. This study locates student, instructor, and course factors associated with achievement in CPR classes. Student factors found to be significant predictors of achievement were reading difficulty, age, and prior CPR training.
Rescuers’ effect on active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ACD-CPR) operating Chih-Hsien Chi, Fong-Gong Wu, Tsung-Hsiey Wu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2003.08.015
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 21 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: November 2003
x The purpose of this study is to consider the perceptions of rescuers of ACD operation and their anatomy characteristics are evaluated to yield a better understanding on operation of ACD. A prospective, descriptive study to evaluate professional providers received ACD training. A total of 39 emergency medical professional participated in this study. CPR is performed as both ACD and standard CPR on a manikin separately. 56.4% of the participants felt that the ACD device was not easy or was very difficult to use.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality during navigation in inshore fishing boats: a pilot study with fishermen Felipe Fernández Méndez, Roberto Barcala-Furelos, Ramón Fungueiriño-Suárez, Marcos Mecías-Calvo, Cristian Abelairas-Gómez, Antonio Rodríguez-Núñez
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.08.018
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 33 , Issue 11 ,
Published online: August 12 2015
x Fishing is one of the most dangerous jobs and hardest occupations [1,2]. It is estimated that fishing has a mortality rate all over the world of approximately 24
Enhanced vasopressor response after 3- and 5-MG doses of epinephrine during CPR in humans : Edgar R. Gonzalez, Joseph P. Ornato, A. Randolf Garnett, Ronald L. Levine, Barbara K. McClung. Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90202-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1986
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Hispanic vs the non-Hispanic populations Tyler F. Vadeboncoeur, Peter B. Richman, Michael Darkoh, Vatsal Chikani, Lani Clark, Bentley J. Bobrow
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.10.002
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: July 2008
x The aim of this study is to compare rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for Hispanic and non-Hispanic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) victims in Arizona.
Comparison of chest compression kinematics associated with over-the-head and standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation Chih-Hsien Chi, Jui-Yi Tsou, Fong-Chin Su
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.08.029
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 9 ,
Published in issue: November 2009
x Over-the-head cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a method of chest compression, which may be easier to perform than standard CPR in a confined space.
Randomized trial of the chest compressions effectiveness comparing 3 feedback CPR devices and standard basic life support by nurses Zenon Truszewski, Lukasz Szarpak, Andrzej Kurowski, Togay Evrin, Piotr Zasko, Lukasz Bogdanski, Lukasz Czyzewski
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.11.003
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: November 4 2015
x Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a leading cause of mortality and serious neurological morbidity in Europe. We aim to investigate the effect of 3 cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) feedback devices on effectiveness of chest compression during CPR.
Aortic valve disruption and regurgitation complicating CPR detected by transesophageal echocardiography Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, Guan-Tarn Huang, Shih-Ming Wang, Tong-Yuan Tai, Kou-Gi Shyu, Juey-Jen Hwang, Yung-Zu Tseng, Wen-Pin Lien
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(94)90279-8
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 12 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1994
Experimental CPR models: The issue of utility Nicholas Bircher, Norman S. Abramson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90176-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
