Cerebral resuscitation: An annotated bibliography of the literature, 1984–1985 Robert E. Rosenthal
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(86)80021-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: November 1986
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation training experience and self-efficacy of age and gender group: a nationwide community survey Young Sun Ro, Sang Do Shin, Kyoung Jun Song, Sung Ok Hong, Young Taek Kim, Sung-Il Cho
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.001
Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: December 7 2015
x We hypothesized that recent hands-on practice for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) would be strongly associated with a higher likelihood of self-efficacy in bystander CPR among laypersons according to age and gender group.
Prediction of survival from cardiopulmonary resuscitation by CPR instructors Donald Alves, Michele Wallace, John Allegra, Greg Cable
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2004.04.027
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 22 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2004
Joseph S. Redding's contributions to cardiac resuscitation Sandra H. Ralston, Charles F. Babbs
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90099-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1985
Adult and pediatric CPR: Attitudes and expectations of health professionals and laypersons David Roberts, Donna Hirschman, Karen Scheltema
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2000.7338
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 18 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2000
x Nationally accepted resuscitation courses offer few guidelines for terminating unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resusitation (CPR). Data were collected from 305 physicians and nurses in 1988/1989 and 401 physicians, nurses, and laypersons in 1998/1999 to assess their attitudes and expectations about adult and pediatric CPR. Respondents felt pediatric CPR efforts should continue longer than adult CPR efforts. Respondents in 1998/1999 felt CPR efforts did not need to continue as long as the 1988/1989 respondents felt.
Perfusion of the cerebral cortex by use of abdominal counterpulsation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation John W. Walker, James C. Bruestle, Blaine C. White, A.Thomas Evans, Richard Indreri, Howard Bialek
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90039-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1984
x Perfusion of the cerebral cortex (rCCBF) during resuscitation from cardiac arrest was studied using 24 large dogs and three different resuscitation models. Conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was compared with interposed abdominal compression CPR (IAC-CPR) and with IAC-CPR together with infusion of epinephrine. Conventional CPR produced a mean rCCBF of only 11% (0.057 ± 0.07 ml/min/g) normal perfusion (0.54 ± 0.14 ml/min/g). Even without epinephrine, IAC-CPR produced mean rCCBF equal to 51% (0.27 ± 0.17 ml/min/g) of normal.
Pre-hospital IAC-CPR versus standard CPR: Paramedic resuscitation of cardiac arrests James R. Mateer, Harlan A. Stueven, Bruce M. Thompson, Charles Aprahamian, Joseph C. Darin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90038-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Recent studies evaluating interposed abdominal compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (IAC-CPR) have demonstrated a significant increase in cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, and cerebral perfusion, as compared with standard CPR. A clinical evaluation of IAC-CPR effectiveness on resuscitation out-come has not been reported. A prospective randomized study comparing IAC-CRP with standard CPR for resuscitation of pre-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest was undertaken using the Milwaukee County Paramedic System.
Hemoconcentration during cardiac arrest and CPR Dietrich Jehle, Albert B. Fiorello, Eric Brader, Eric Cottington, Richard J. Kozak
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(94)90269-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 12 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1994
x The objective of this study was to determine if hemoconcentration occurs during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The design was an animal model of cardiac arrest and CPR performed at a research institute using six mongrel dogs. After the induction of cardiac arrest, animals were subjected to 4 minutes of ventricular fibrillation followed by 20 minutes of CPR. Resuscitation was then achieved using countershocks, drugs, and intravenous fluids. Hemoglobin concentrations were obtained before arrest and every 5 minutes during CPR.
Comparison of mechanical techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Survival and neurologic outcome in dogs Karl B. Kern, Alice B. Carter, Russell L. Showen, William D. Voorhees III, Charles F. Babbs, Willis A. Tacker, Gordon A. Ewy
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(87)90318-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 5 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1987
x Three currently available mechanical devices for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were compared using a canine cardiac arrest model. Twenty-four-hour survival without neurologic deficit was the goal. A group of 30 large mongrel dogs was divided equally among Thumper® CPR, simultaneous compression and ventilation (SCV) CPR, and vest CPR. Ventricular fibrillation was induced electrically, and after 3 minutes of no intervention, one of the three types of mechanical CPR was performed for 17 minutes.
Survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with early initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation Richard O. Cummins, Mickey S. Eisenberg, Alfred P. Hallstrom, Paul E. Litwin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90032-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Records on 1,297 people with witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, caused by heart disease and treated by both emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics, were examined to determine whether or not early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiated by bystanders independently improved survival. Bystanders initiated CPR for 579 patients (bystander CPR); for the remaining 718 patients, CPR was delayed until the arrival of EMTs (delayed CPR). Survival was significantly better (P < 0.05) in the bystander-CPR group (32%) than in the delayed-CPR group (22%).
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention in family members of cardiac patients Debra K. Moser, Kathleen Dracup, Peter M. Guzy, Shelley E. Taylor, Christine Breu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(90)90150-X
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 8 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: November 1990
x The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of a retention strategy would maintain cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills in family members of cardiac patients. Thirty-one subjects trained in CPR recelved retention packets 3 and 6 months after CPR training. Sixteen subjects were tested for CPR retention at 7 months after initial training, and 15 at 12 months. Likelihood χ 2 was used to compare the 7- and 12-month groups. There were no differences between the 7- and 12-month groups, because CPR retention overall was poor.
The effect of time since training on house officers' retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills Mary E. Mancini, William Kaye
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90008-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1985
x Currently, the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that physicians be certified in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) every two years. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of time since training on retention of CPR skills of physicians and to identify at what point performance deteriorates to a level requiring retraining with supervised practice. The physicians' performance of CPR one year or less after training was compared with that of more than one year after training. Thirty-three medical residents who had been taught CPR by the same instructor were tested without warning for one-person CPR on a recording mannikin.
Skill mastery in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training classes Robert T Brennan, Allan Braslow
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(95)90157-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 13 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 1995
x The authors evaluated skill levels of trainees (n = 48) who were taught cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in “American Red Cross: Adult CPR” classes offered at a work site. The evaluation used a validated skill checklist and a Lærdal Skillmeter mannequin to assess trainee competence. Only 1 in 10 of the trainees could correctly perform all 12 CPR skills assessed by the skill checklist. Fewer than 12% of all compressions met published standards, and fewer than 25% of the ventilations met the standards as evaluated by the Skillmeter mannequin.
Coronary perfusion pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation Arthur B Sanders, Martin Ogle, Gordon A Ewy
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90003-8
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1985
x Currently, there is no way to measure the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans. The literature suggests that minimum aortic diastolic and estimated coronary perfusion pressures during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the animal model correlate with higher resuscitation rates. Six patients were studied during CPR to determine the arterial diastolic and estimated coronary perfusion pressures (arterial minus right atrial diastolic pressures). Mean arterial pressures were mm Hg, central venous pressures were mm Hg, and the mean estimated coronary perfusion pressure was only 1 mm Hg.
A new cardiopulmonary resuscitation method using only rhythmic abdominal compression: A preliminary report Leslie A. Geddes, Ann Rundell, Aaron Lottes, Andre Kemeny, Michael Otlewski
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.04.001
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 25 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: September 2007
x This article introduces 2 new cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) concepts: (1) the use of only rhythmic abdominal compression (OAC) to produce blood flow during CPR with ventricular fibrillation and (2) a new way of describing coronary perfusion effectiveness, namely, the area between the aortic and right atrial pressure curves, summed over 1 minute, the units being millimeters of mercury per second. We call this unit the coronary perfusion index (CPI). True mean coronary perfusion pressure is CPI/60.
Effect of interposed abdominal compression during CPR on central arterial and venous pressures John L. McDonald
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90041-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x Despite the problems inherent in estimating blood flow from pressure, determination of systolic arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is common and probably valuable as an indicator of potential systemic flow. The addition of interposed abdominal compression (IAC) to closed-chest CPR has been promoted because of its potential to increase systolic arterial pressure during CPR. Interposed abdominal compressions have also reportedly increased diastolic arterial-central venous pressure difference (DA-DCVP) and, thus, have the potential to increase coronary vascular flow.
Comparative effectiveness of standard CPR vs active compression-decompression CPR with CardioPump for treatment of cardiac arrest Yahya Kemal Günaydın, Bora Çekmen, Nazire Belgin Akıllı, Ramazan Köylü, Ekrem Taha Sert, Başar Cander
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.066
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 34 , Issue 3 ,
Published online: December 23 2015
x Despite all of the studies conducted on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the mortality rate of cardiac arrest patients is still high. This has led to a search for alternative methods. One of these methods is active compression-decompression CPR (ACD-CPR) performed with the CardioPump.
Compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation vs standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation: an updated meta-analysis of observational studies Lan Yao, Peng Wang, Lili Zhou, Mingdi Chen, Yuanshan Liu, Xiaozhu Wei, Zitong Huang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.01.055
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 6 ,
Published online: February 6 2014
x To perform an updated meta-analysis of observational studies with unstratified cohort addressing whether compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), compared with standard CPR, improves outcomes in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and a subgroup meta-analysis for the patients with cardiac etiology arrest.
Gastric insufflation during IAC-CPR and standard CPR in a canine model Charles F. Babbs, William E. Schoenlein, Mark W. Lowe
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90029-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1985
x This study was undertaken to determine the effect of interposed abdominal compressions (IAC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on gastric insufflation when the airway is not secured with an endotracheal tube. A canine model was used in which a common ventilation pressure was applied to separate cuffed esophageal and tracheal tubes. Gas entering the stomach was collected by a pre-placed gastrostomy tube leading to a bell spirometer. Gas entering the lungs was measured with a Wright Respirometer® in series with the endotracheal tube.
Evolution and new perspective of chest compression mechanical devices Alejandra Gaxiola, Joseph Varon
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.016
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 8 ,
Published in issue: October 2008
x Cardiac arrest is a major concern in health care, owing to its high incidence and mortality rates. Since the development of external cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), there has been little advancement in nonpharmacologic therapies that have increased survival rates associated with cardiac arrest. Consequently, there has been much interest in the development of new techniques to improve the efficacy of CPR, particularly in the development of devices. Initially, many of the devices developed were not considered functional and failed to gain acceptance in the clinical setting.
