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January 2010Volume 28, Issue 1, Pages 90–94
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Use of midlevel providers in US EDs, 1993 to 2005: implications for the workforce

Adit A. Ginde
x
Adit A. Ginde
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Affiliations

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA

Correspondence

  • Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 720 848 6777; fax: +1 720 848 7374.
, MDcorrespondence
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Adit A. Ginde
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Affiliations

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA

Correspondence

  • Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 720 848 6777; fax: +1 720 848 7374.
,
Janice A. Espinola
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Janice A. Espinola
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Affiliations

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
, MPH
,
Ashley F. Sullivan
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Ashley F. Sullivan
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Affiliations

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
, MPH
,
Frederick C. Blum
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Frederick C. Blum
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Affiliations

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
, MD
,
Carlos A. Camargo Jr
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Carlos A. Camargo
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Affiliations

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
, MD, DrPH
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.09.028

References

  1. [1]Moorhead, J.C., Gallery, M.E., Hirshkoren, C. et al, A study of the workforce in emergency medicine: 1999. Ann Emerg Med. 2002;40:3–15.
  2. [2]Peterson, L.E., Dodoo, M., Bennett, K.J., Bazemore, A. et al, Nonemergency medicine-trained physician coverage in rural emergency departments. J Rural Health. 2008;24:183–188.
  3. [3]Wilson, A.G. Jr, Amicucci, J., O'Neil, B. et al, Physician assistant productivity and profit in an emergency department fast-track area. (abstract)Ann Emerg Med. 2006;48:S5.
  4. [4]Hooker, R.S., McCaig, L. Emergency department uses of physician assistants and nurse practitioners: a national survey. Am J Emerg Med. 1996;14:245–249.
  5. [5]McCaig, L.F., McLemore, T. Plan and operation of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Survey. Series 1: programs and collection procedures. Vital Health Stat. 1994;34:1–78.
  6. [6]Hoot, N.R., Aronsky, D. Systematic review of emergency department crowding: causes, effects, and solutions. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52:126–136.
  7. [7]Counselman, F.L., Graffeo, C.A., Hill, J.T. Patient satisfaction with physician assistants (PAs) in an ED fast track. Am J Emerg Med. 2000;18:661–665.
  8. [8]McGee, L.A., Kaplan, L. Factors influencing the decision to use nurse practitioners in the emergency department. J Emerg Nurs. 2007;33:441–446.
  9. [9]Sakr, M., Angus, J., Perrin, J. et al, Care of minor injuries by emergency nurse practitioners or junior doctors: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 1999;354:1321–1326.
  10. [10]McKenna, M. IOM report ignites new debate on who should practice emergency medicine. Ann Emerg Med. 2007;29:614–622.

Abstract presented at the 2008 American College of Emergency Physicians Scientific Assembly (Chicago, IL).

© 2010 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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January 2010Volume 28, Issue 1, Pages 90–94