Advertisement

Cardiotoxicity associated with the synthetic cannabinoid, K9, with laboratory confirmation

Published:August 01, 2011DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2011.05.013

      Abstract

      Synthetic cannabinoids have been popular recreational drugs of abuse for their psychoactive properties. Five of the many synthetic cannabinoids have been recently banned in the United States because of their unknown and potentially harmful adverse effects. Little is known about these substances. They are thought to have natural cannabinoid-like effects but have different chemical structures. Adverse effects related to synthetic cannabinoids are not well known. We provide clinical effects and patient outcome following K9 use. In addition, we briefly review synthetic cannabinoids. We present a 17-year-old adolescent boy with chest pain, tachycardia, and then bradycardia associated with smoking K9. Two synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-018 and JWH-073, were confirmed on laboratory analysis. In addition to the limited current data, we demonstrate harmful adverse effects related to toxicity of 2 synthetic cannabinoids. Further studies are needed.
      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D; use, select 'Corporate R&D; Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Guindon J.
        • Hohmann A.G.
        The endocannabinoid system and pain.
        CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2009; 8: 403-421
        • Vardakou I.
        • Pistos C.
        • Spiliopoulou C.
        Spice drugs as a new trend: mode of action, identification and legislation.
        Toxicol Lett. 2010; 197: 157-162
        • Schwarcz G.
        • Karajgi B.
        • McCarthy R.
        Synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) can improve the symptoms of schizophrenia.
        J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2009; 29: 255-258
        • Schneir A.B.
        • Cullen J.
        • Ly B.T.
        “Spice” girls: synthetic cannabinoid intoxication.
        J Emerg Med. 2010;
      1. Medina, Genevieve. Texas DPS Crime Lab.

        • Auwarter V.
        • Dresen S.
        • Weinmann W.
        • Muller M.
        • Putz M.
        • Ferreiros N.
        ‘Spice’ and other herbal blends: harmless incense or cannabinoid designer drugs?.
        J Mass Spectrom. 2009; 44: 832-837
        • Zimmermann U.S.
        • Winkelmann P.R.
        • Pilhatsch M.
        • Nees J.A.
        • Spanagel R.
        • Schulz K.
        Withdrawal phenomena and dependence syndrome after the consumption of “spice gold”.
        Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2009; 106: 464-467
        • Wintermeyer A.
        • Moller I.
        • Thevis M.
        • et al.
        In vitro phase I metabolism of the synthetic cannabimimetic JWH-018.
        Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010; 398: 2141-2153
        • Moller I.
        • Wintermeyer A.
        • Bender K.
        • et al.
        Screening for the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and its major metabolites in human doping controls.
        Drug Test Anal. 2010;
        • Sobolevsky T.
        • Prasolov I.
        • Rodchenkov G.
        Detection of JWH-018 metabolites in smoking mixture post-administration urine.
        Forensic Sci Int. 2010; 200: 141-147
      2. K2 crackdown: DEA using emergency powers to ban fake pot. Huffingtonpost.com. 2010 11-24. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/11/24/dea-using-emergency-power_n_788149.html.