Rate and prediction of infection in children with diabetic ketoacidosis Robert G. Flood, Vincent W. Chiang
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2001.24473
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 19 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2001
x The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the rate and prediction of infection in children, ≤ 21 years, with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Over a 6-year period, 247 admissions were identified. There were 171 (69%) with no infection, 44 (17.8%) with presumed viral infection, and 32 (12.9%) with bacterial infection. The mean WBC for all patients was 17,519 ( ± 9,582). 118 (50%) had leukocytosis as defined by a WBC ≥15,000/mm3. WBC, differential, leukocytosis, as well as sex, temperature and new onset diabetes, were not significant predictors (P >.05) of bacterial infection.
Are health care–associated urinary tract infections properly defined? Alex Smithson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.12.034
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 29 , Issue 4 ,
Published online: February 28 2011
x I have read, with interest, the article by Khawcharoenporn et al [1] in which the authors evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates among uropathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) who attended an emergency department. In my opinion, the most interesting aspect of this study is that the authors evaluate the causal microorganisms and the antimicrobial pattern found in patients with community-acquired (CoA) UTI and the ones found in patients with a health care–associated (HA) UTI.
Common Hand Injuries and Infections: By Carter P. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., 1983, 272 pages, $49.95 Hugh Hemsley, John Lyman
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(85)90114-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 3 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1985
Nosocomial and community-acquired infection rates of patients treated by prehospital advanced life support compared with other admitted patients Scott M. Alter, Mark A. Merlin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2009.07.020
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 29 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: March 10 2010
x Nosocomial infections are a large burden to both patients and health care organizations, causing hospitals to take measures in an attempt to reduce microorganism transmission. Patients treated by emergency medical services are one population that has not been studied regarding infection rates. This study examines admitted patients treated by advanced life support (ALS) and their likelihood of having community-acquired and nosocomial infections.
Rifampin-containing regimens for community-associated skin infection: a hazard without known benefit Loren G. Miller, Helen Boucher
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2009.01.014
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: September 2009
x Skin infections are a common reason for physician and emergency department (ED) visits. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is now the most common known etiology of skin and soft tissue infections in most places in the United States [1]. The rise of CA-MRSA infections has resulted in an increase of non–β -lactam antibiotic therapy for skin infection. Commonly, these non–β -lactam therapies are combined with rifampin [2,3], based on the assumption that synergistic therapy with rifampin results in improved clinical efficacy.
Purple urine bag: think of urinary tract infection Zulkhairi Mohamad, Vui Heng Chong
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.04.010
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 31 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: July 16 2012
x Discoloration of urine can be alarming and may indicate a serious underlying pathology. However, majority is benign and occur as a result of ingestions of substances such as medications or food dye or trauma postinstrumentations. Purple discoloration of the urinary catheter bag is uncommon and is caused by urinary tract infection with certain organisms. Unfortunately, most clinicians including the frontline clinicians are not aware of this syndrome, and despite the striking features, purple urine bag discoloration may be overlooked and not be given appropriate treatment.
Uncommon complications of odontogenic infections Peter C Ferrera, Lawrence J Busino, Howard S Snyder
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(96)90186-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 14 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1996
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Victor Gong
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90131-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
Scalp laceration repair without prior hair removal John M. Howell, James A. Morgan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(88)90195-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 6 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1988
x The effect on the infection rate of hair removal prior to scalp laceration repair has not been studied prospectively in the outpatient setting. Concern exists that not removing skin hair may lead to an increased incidence of serious wound infections. Sixty-eight scalp lacerations were repaired without hair removal and examined prospectively for infection. No infections were noted at 5-day follow-up. The mean patient age was 21.8 ± 19.8 years, and the mean laceration length was 2.5 ± 2.0 cm. The mean time from injury to repair of laceration was 2.2 ± 2.8 hours.
Journal club: Single-dose therapy for urinary tract infections Howard A. Werman, Robert E. Behrendt, Douglas A. Rund
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90035-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1984
Infections and severe sepsis in solid-organ transplant patients admitted from a university-based ED Stephen Trzeciak, Randall Sharer, Derek Piper, Therese Chan, Chad Kessler, R.Phillip Dellinger, Kenneth J. Pursell
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2004.09.010
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 22 , Issue 7 ,
Published in issue: November 2004
x The objective was to provide a descriptive analysis of infectious processes in transplant patients admitted from the emergency department (ED). A database of all adult transplant patients at a university medical center was cross-referenced with a computerized record of all ED visits over an 18-month period. ED charts, inpatient records, and microbiology data were retrospectively reviewed. Final diagnoses and outcomes were analyzed. There were 352 ED visits by transplant patients (kidney 66%, kidney/pancreas 15%, liver 13%, lung 3%, heart 3%).
Risk factors associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in patients admitted to the ED Alain Viallon, Olivier Marjollet, Philippe Berthelot, Anne Carricajo, Stéphane Guyomarc'h, Florianne Robert, Fabrice Zeni, Jean Claude Bertrand
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.01.013
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 25 , Issue 8 ,
Published in issue: October 2007
x The objective of our study was to define the characteristics of patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) presenting with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.
Acute human immunodeficiency virus infection presenting with erythema multiforme Adam J Schechner, Andy G Pinson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2004.04.026
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 22 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2004
Response to Smithson: “Are healthcare–associated urinary tract infection properly defined?” Thana Khawcharoenporn, Shawn Vasoo, Edward Ward, Kamaljit Singh
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.12.036
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 29 , Issue 4 ,
Published online: February 28 2011
x We thank Dr. Smithson for comments on our article [1] regarding the definition of healthcare-associated (HA) urinary tract infection (UTI) used in our study. We agree with Dr. Smithson that there is no clear consensus definition of HA-UTI. However, as previously described by a number of authors [2,3], healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are important to differentiate from community-associated infections (CAIs) because they are often due to different and more resistant organisms. Additionally, in studies of patients with UTI, healthcare exposure has been shown to be a significant risk factor for drug resistant infections [4,5].
An unusual cause of abdominal pain: implications for infection control in the ED Stewart S. Chan
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.07.027
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 9 ,
Published in issue: November 2008
x Emergency physicians frequently encounter patients with severe acute abdominal pain and often need to consider a long list of differential diagnoses. One unusual but important cause is visceral varicella zoster infection. Timely diagnosis of this condition is of paramount importance in promptly implementing appropriate measures to prevent nosocomial spread.
Persistent occult hypoperfusion is associated with a significant increase in infection rate and mortality in major trauma patients: Claridge JA, Crabtree TD, Pelletier SJ, et al. J Trauma 2000;48:8–13
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(01)80099-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 19 , Issue 5 ,
Published in issue: September 2001
Prediction of traumatic wound infection with a neural network-derived decision model Richard L. Lammers, Donna L. Hudson, Matthew E. Seaman
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2003.50026
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 21 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 2003
x The objective of this study was to develop and validate a decision model, using an artificial neural network, that predicts infection in uncomplicated, traumatic, sutured wounds. The study was a prospective, cohort study of all patients presenting to the emergency department of a county teaching hospital with uncomplicated wounds that required suturing. In evaluating and treating wounds, emergency medicine (EM) faculty and residents, resident physicians in primary-care specialties, and supervised medical students on EM clerkships followed a standardized wound-management protocol.
Wound infection following high-pressure syringe and needle irrigation Atkinson W. Longmire, Letetia A. Broom, John Burch
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(87)90121-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 5 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1987
Acute suppurative parotitis with spread to the deep neck spaces Merrill A Cohen, John W Docktor
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(99)90015-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 17 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1999
x This report describes the case of an elderly, diabetic woman who became dehydrated and developed acute suppurative parotitis, which caused marked swelling of her left face and neck. The parotid infection also extended by continuity into the lateral pharyngeal space and contiguous deep neck spaces, causing airway-threatening, extensive inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis and parapharyngeal soft tissues. The differential diagnosis and diagnostic rationale is discussed. The anatomy of the stylomandibular area is reviewed to explain how infection of the parotid can spread to the pharynx.
Septic arthritis of the hip caused by nontyphi Salmonella after urinary tract infection Ernesto Muñoz-Mahamud, Luis Casanova, LLuis Font, Jenaro A. Fernández-Valencia, Guillem Bori
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.07.024
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: March 2009
x Osteoarticular infections due to nontyphi Salmonella (NTS) are rarely encountered. We describe the case of an adult patient with septic arthritis of the hip caused by NTS. Debridement of the hip and a total hip arthroplasty were required for total recovery to occur. A 57-year-old man was admitted in our hospital for pain, fever, and motion range limitation in the right hip. The patient had been being treated with high doses of prednisone for the previous 2 months. The patient also had had a urine infection for 2 weeks.
