Assessing patient clinical appearance in the evaluation of the febrile child William A Bonadio
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(95)90211-2
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 13 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 1995
Sensitivity of systemic inflammatory response syndrome for critical illness among ED patients Michael M. Liao, Dennis Lezotte, Steven R. Lowenstein, Kevin Howard, Zachary Finley, Zipei Feng, Richard L. Byyny, Jeffrey D. Sankoff, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.07.035
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 11 ,
Published online: August 8 2014
x Little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria for critical illness among emergency department (ED) patients with and without infection. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of SIRS criteria for critical illness in ED patients.
Fish scale: An unusual foreign body William G.B McCallum, Robert E Fromm Jr
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(95)90128-0
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 13 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1995
x Retained foreign bodies can be a source of infection and a cause of disability. A 63-year-old white man presented with a nonhealing wound of the right second finger of 1 month's duration. The injury occurred while cleaning fish. Radiographs and subsequent wound exploration showed a retained fish scale in a finger wound. In addition to foreign bodies, atypical infectious organisms must be considered in nonhealing wounds associated with fish or water.
Procalcitonin-guided therapy for the initiation of antibiotics in the emergency department: a systematic review Yuri van der Does, Pleunie P.M. Rood, Juanita A. Haagsma, Peter Patka, Eric C.M. van Gorp, Maarten Limper
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.03.065
Publication stage: In Press Accepted Manuscript
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Published online: April 3 2016
x Procalcitonin (PCT) is a new biomarker with a higher accuracy in the diagnosis of bacterial infections. Utilization of PCT may reduce the number of unnecessary antibiotics prescribed to patients, and consequently may decrease the rise in antibiotic resistance. The aim of this systematic review is to determine if a PCT-guided algorithm can safely reduce the number of antibiotics prescribed to all patients with a suspected of infection in the emergency department(ED).
Antibiotic prophylaxis in intraoral wounds Michael Altieri, Leah Brasch
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(86)80005-5
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 4 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: November 1986
x This study of 100 patients was undertaken to determine the efficacy of penicillin/erythromycin prophylaxis in the management of intraoral lacerations in the pediatric population. Only six patients of the evaluable population developed infections (6.4%). Two of these patients received antibiotic prophylaxis (4%), and the other four were control patients (8%) who developed wound infections (P = 0.41). Although most injuries were minor, if the injury was large enough to require suturing, the infection rate was slightly greater in the control group.
Antibiotic prophylaxis for ED patients with simple hand lacerations: a feasibility randomized controlled trial Nicole Berwald, Feras Khan, Shahriar Zehtabchi
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.03.043
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 7 ,
Published online: April 4 2014
x The benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis for simple hand lacerations (lacerations that do not involve special structures) has not been adequately studied.
Clinical predictors of Enterobacter bacteremia among patients admitted to the ED Cheol-In Kang, Doo Ryeon Chung, Kwan Soo Ko, Kyong Ran Peck, Jae-Hoon Song, Korean Network for Study of Infectious Diseases (KONSID)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.09.003
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 30 , Issue 1 ,
Published online: October 18 2010
x This study was performed to evaluate clinical features of community-onset Enterobacter bacteremia and determine the risk factors for Enterobacter bacteremia among patients admitted to the emergency department.
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pyomyositis complicated by compartment syndrome in an immunocompetent young woman Brian K. Shedek, Eric James Nilles
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.034
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 26 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: July 2008
x Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of skeletal muscle common in the tropics. Pyomyositis has historically been rare in temperate regions. However, the epidemiology is changing, and over the past decade, the number of cases in the United States and Europe has increased significantly. One major factor appears to be the increase in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections. This pathogen now accounts for most of the skin and soft tissue infections throughout much of the United States.
Retropharyngeal and epidural abscess from a swallowed fish bone Yen-Shuo Tsai, Chun-Chung Lui
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(97)90132-7
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 15 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1997
x Retropharyngeal abscess is not uncommon, but the incidence of epidural extension of a retropharyngeal abscess is very rare. Intraspinal involvement of the deep neck infection should be suspected if the patient has neurolgic deficits. Emergent surgical drainage and aggressive antibiotic treatment are necessary. The outcome is strongly associated with the level of neurologic function at the time of diagnosis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is an excellent diagnostic method for any deep neck infection.
Diagnosis and follow-up of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in the ED Gloria J Kuhn, Andrew Campbell, Joseph Merline, Brian J O'Neil
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90035-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 16 , Issue 2 ,
Published in issue: March 1998
x The purpose of this study was to determine the impact on patient care and the cost effectiveness of testing for chlamydial infection in the emergency department. All patients tested for chlamydial infection in three emergency departments between October 1, 1993 and January 31, 1994 were retrospectively reviewed for charges and adequacy of therapy. In one hospital, the effectiveness of a call-back system to enhance proper therapy of inadequately treated patients was evaluated. Of 2,416 test results, 249 were positive, and 197 of these charts were available for review.
Pulmonary capillary leak syndrome after influenza A (H1N1) virus infection Mabrouk Bahloul, Hassen Dammak, Anis Chaari, Rania Allala, Leila Abid, Sondes Haddar, Hedi Chelly, Abdelkader Ayoub, and others
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.01.033
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 28 , Issue 9 ,
Published online: May 5 2010
x Pulmonary capillary leak syndrome after influenza A (H1N1) virus infection was not previously reported. We report 5 cases. The diagnosis of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema due to pulmonary capillary leak syndrome after influenza A (H1N1) virus infection was obtained by a medical committee of 6 physicians of our intensive care unit (intensive care unit physicians). Cases of 2009 H1N1 influenza were confirmed by testing nasal aspirates or combined nasal and throat swabs with the use of a real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay at Tunisian national laboratory.
Neck computed tomography in pediatric neck mass as initial evaluation in ED: is it malpractice? Doh Young Lee, Jungirl Seok, Yoon-joong Kim, Min-Su Kim, Myung-Whun Sung, J. Hun Hah
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.07.031
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 32 , Issue 10 ,
Published online: August 2 2014
Open Access x Although ultrasound is regarded as the first choice imaging modality for evaluating a pediatric neck mass, neck computed tomography (CT) is necessary for urgent surgical conditions such as deep neck infections. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of and proper patient selection for neck CT as a method for the initial evaluation of pediatric neck masses in the emergency department.
The epidemiology and early clinical features of West Nile virus infection Jacek M. Mazurek, Kim Winpisinger, Barbara J. Mattson, Rosemary Duffy, Ronald L. Moolenaar
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2004.11.005
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 23 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 2005
x We studied early clinical features of the West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Case patients were Ohio residents who reported to the Ohio Department of Health from August 14 to December 31, 2002, with a positive serum or cerebrospinal fluid for anti–WNV IgM. Of 441 WNV cases, medical records of 224 (85.5%) hospitalized patients were available for review. Most frequent symptoms were fever at a temperature of 38.0°C or higher (n = 155; 69.2%), headache (n = 114; 50.9%), and mental status changes (n = 113; 50.4%).
Coincident meningitis and intracerebral hemorrhage in an unresponsive adult Jeffrey J Seymour, Peter C Ferrera
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90222-4
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 16 , Issue 6 ,
Published in issue: October 1998
x Intracerebral hemorrhage is an unusual complication of central nervous system infection. A 54-year-old man presented to our emergency department unresponsive following an acute intracerebral hemorrhage that likely occurred as a complication of pneumococcal meningitis. Although the simultaneous presence of meningitis and intracerebral hemorrhage is rare, prompt identification and treatment of each is essential to maximize the outcome. The intracranial complications and various presentations of bacterial meningitis in adults are reviewed.
Cefaclor versus ampicillin for outpatient treatment of urinary tract infections Larry J. Baraff, Wendy D. Ablon
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(84)90128-1
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 2 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1984
x An unblinded, randomized, prospective clinical trial of cefaclor, 250 mg twice daily, versus ampicillin, 500 mg four times daily, for a total of ten days of therapy, was conducted with 100 patients presenting to an emergency department with signs, symptoms, and urinalysis results suggestive of urinary tract infection (UTI). Eighty patients had a UTI proven by pre-therapy urine culture. Significantly more of the bacteria isolated were sensitive to cefaclor (96.3%) than to ampicillin (78.0%), P < 0.01.
Violent abdominal pain: severe Legionella pneumophila lung infection with acute pancreatitis Hysham Hadef, Pascal Bilbault, Hakim Arzouq, Christophe Berna, Jacques Yves Phelipot, Albert Jaeger
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2005.10.021
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 24 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: May 2006
x Legionnaires disease described the first time in San Francisco during a soldier's meeting in 1976 is responsible for severe community and hospital pneumonia [1].
Future possibilities for the treatment of septic shock with herbal components Houli Wang, Tengda Xu, Matthew R. Lewin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2008.08.003
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 27 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 2009
x The treatment of septic shock remains challenging even with the armamentarium of modern antibiotics and intensive care technologies. Reliance on antibiotics and other methods targeting modulation of the systemic inflammatory response such as steroids, hemofiltration, and cytokine antagonists has not led to reliable successful treatment for inflammation and infection-related shock. In part, this is attributable to the continuous evolution of antibacterial drug resistance. Herbal medicine has been used in treating infections and shock, worldwide, for thousands of years.
The febrile alcoholic in the emergency department Keith D. Wrenn, Steve Larson
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(91)90018-F
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 9 , Issue 1 ,
Published in issue: January 1991
x The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 31 alcoholic patients admitted with fever without a defined source. In our population 58% of patients were subsequently found to have an infectious cause for their fever. Pneumonia was the most common infection, but occult urinary tract infections were seen surprisingly offen. Noninfectious but serious disorders, such as delirium tremens, prolonged postictal state, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, were also common. Infectious and noninfectious causes commonly coexisted.
Hemophilus influenzae cellulitisGary Fleisher, Peter Heeger, Paul Topf
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(83)90104-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 1 , Issue 3 ,
Published in issue: November 1983
x To define the clinical features of cellulitis due to Hemophilus influenzae type B, we reviewed the records of 78 children admitted to the hospital with cellulitis during a one-year period. Fifty-two children were afebrile (T < 38°C) and none had infections due to H. influenzae . Twenty-six children were febrile, 19 with facial and seven with extremity lesions. H. influenzae type B was recovered from seven of the febrile children with facial cellulitis, and one with extremity involvement. The mean WBC count of children with disease due to this organism was 17,500/mm3 .
A retrospective review of positive chlamydial cultures in emergency department patients Lisa Chan, Howard S Snyder, Vincent P Verdile
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(96)90061-3
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Vol. 14 , Issue 4 ,
Published in issue: July 1996
x This study evaluated the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial infection based solely on clinical presentation in the emergency department (ED). The signs and symptoms of women with chlamydial infection confirmed by cervical culture were identified and compared between appropriately treated and nontreated groups to determine which clinical features tended to lead to the correct or incorrect diagnosis. The study also determined which signs and symptoms were consistently present in the entire study group.
